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Ivan Ivanovich Kozlov (1779-1840) - Russian poet, translator.
Having come from the noble noble family of Kozlovikh, son of the senator and general-reketmeister I. I. Kozlov Sr. I got home lighting.
On the sixth rotation of the people of the ranks of the sergeant in the Izmaylovsky regiment, and on the sixteenth (1795) of the ensigns. Serving three years with the Life Guards Izmailovsky Regiment, and then viyshov at the military post, having entered the civilian service in 1798.
However, yoga bliskucha service career raptov pripinilsya: in 1818 p. a blow to paralysis, breaking at the back of the leg and embarrassing nervous system, then vіn becoming step by step vtrachati zіr і in 1821 absolutely blind. Shche in 1809. Kozlov, having made friends with the daughter of foreman S.A. family life, and also in close friendship with Zhukovsky, with whom he got close to the Moscow society, the unfortunate sings a knowing moral encouragement at his great mountain. Zavdyaki your mother, otrimav vіn arc garna osvita And, floating a miraculous mind and a marvelous memory, at his baggy camp, knowing the joy in continuing self-enlightenment.
Vіn engaged in poetry and translating from Italian, French, German and English language.
Kozlov's first verse "To Svіtlani" was published in 1821 in the magazine "Sin of Batkivshchyna" (No. 44), and from that hour the other verses began to appear in the magazines. The hoarding of literature brought Kozlov to a close acquaintance with A. S. Pushkin, V. A. Zhukovsky, P. A. Vyazemsky and the Decembrist brothers Turgenev. Thomas Moore's "Vechirnіy zvіn" (1827) became a classic Russian folk song in its translation; great popularity having also taken away the translation of the verse of the English - Ch. Wolf - "For the consecration of the English general Sir John Moore" ("Not beating the drum in front of the indestructible regiment ..."). Yogo romantic"Chernets" (1825), written in the form of a lyrical speech of a young chents, was accepted by the readers as choked, її highly appreciated by A. S. Pushkin, and she vplnula on "Mtsira" by M. Yu. Lermontov and "Trizna" by T. G. Shevchenko . Following the "Blackie" came two more poems of a blind poet: "Princess Natalia Dolgoruka" (1828) and "Bozhevilna" (1830) Kozlov hung all over his first great work.
In 1827, after the proclaimed contractor P. A. Vyazemsky, I re-translated Mickiewicz’s “Crimean Sonnets”. Kozlov, translating the same way 18 sing Byron, among them the great poem "Abidoska is named", but the translation is only a blurry copy of the original; the head yoga is short - stretched: one verse of Byron is shifted by two, if only three verses are sung. Okrim Byron Kozlov translating other English poets: Thomas Moore, Wordsworth, Walter Scott. From the French їm translated a copy of the verses of Andriy Chenier, Lamartine and Berenger, and even more from the Italian - three sonnets and verses of Petrarch, a tract of urivkіv from Tassov "Zvilneny Єrusalim" moreover, a sprinkling of modern-day Kozlov's few Italian poets. From the German Kozlov, having translated a little: more than one verse of Schiller and Goethe, moreover, the translation of the verse "Radist" is inherited, the lower translation.
As perekladach Kozlov, unconcerned about the visual quality, is not satisfied with the help of some harsh criticism: he freely enters into the original; in the passages, de text to the original malyuvav in visual translation the poetic image - vіn zdіysnyuvav yogo in a squeezed picture form and the translation of the translation did not receive hostility to the original, the best style of language to the original was absolutely known in the translation; Bazhayuchi convey a whole zmist original, translating becoming rich, stretched.
He died on September 30, 1840. Burial at the Tikhvin Tsvintary in the Oleksandr-Nevsk Lavra, debility of new consecrations by God, friend and patron V. A. Zhukovsky.

Spivak, if in front of you At the darkness the sign of the earthly light, Mittevo your genius has thrown itself ... A.S. Pushkin

Few people remember Kozlov Ivan Ivanovich, an undeservedly neglected talented Russian poet, a man with a marvelous share.

On April 11, 1779, a boy was born near Moscow, at the hands of the state secretary Katerina II, who was named Ivan. The lad's mother was from the old family Khomutov. At five years, like all boys from high-ranking families, at the Life Guards Izmailovsky Regiment, and in 16 years they were killed by ensigns.

Ovіta Ivan Kozlov got home. Having served for three years, he went to work and served at the office of the Moscow commander-in-chief. Ale at the beginning of 1812, a young man enters the service of the committee for the enlightenment of the Moscow militia. Healthy yoga is sharply perishing, the same fire of yoga houses at the hour of Moscow after 1812 rock, and at the same time from sim'єyu moving to St.

At the same time, Kozlov would get to know Pushkin and Delvig, while Zhukovsky and Batyushkov were already friends. Vasil Zhukovsky became a literary mentor for the poet. But having known Kozlov and Oleksandra Voykova, a blessed woman, she pleased the young poet to take up translations and in the future became his great friend.

Ivan Ivanovich Kozlov was happily friends with the daughter of foreman S.A. Davidova. Friendship of yoga was born in 1809. They had two children, a son and a daughter, but luckily they were unhappy - in 1812 Ivan Ivanovich was paralyzed. On the back of your hand you can still walk, spiraling onto a reed, but in 1818 the roci of the ailment nailed him to the bed - you put in both legs. However, Kozlov did not give up on this test: raptov began to grow stronger, and in 1821 he was left blind.

But this person did not give up, she knew herself in faith in God that poetry. For an hour of ailment, vin viviviv nemetsku that English movies(French woman and Italian wine knowing children). Kozlov citing Byron, Dante, Shakespeare, Walter Scott. The memory of the new bula is vinyatkovoy, knowing the memory of the mustache of the gospel.

In 1821, Ivan Ivanovich Kozlov began to write regularly in St. Petersburg magazines. In 1824, one of the famous “Chernets” came out of a friend’s house, then the tops flowed in a non-streaming river. T. Moore's miraculously translated verse “Vechirnіy zvіn” sounded over the Ukrainian land.

Evening sound, evening sound! Like a lot of thoughts to make wine About youthful days in the native land, De I love, de father's house, I like I said goodbye to him a long time ago, Hearing the sound of resurrection there!

Old friends saw yoga, the stench came not to speak to Ivan Ivanovich, he was wise and wise with a miraculous spirit of a man. Griboyedov, Baratinsky, Krilov, Pushkin, Glinka, Zhukovsky and Dargomizhsky visited Yogo Budinka. Mustache people helped the poets with everything they could. Pushkin wrote about Kozlov:

Having sprung earthly torments with your heavenly sleep Tobі vіn having created a new world, You in the new and bachish, and litaysh, I live anew, and embrace the broken idol of youth.

The verse "Prayer", which brought the poet's popularity, is a nezabar. Ivan Ivanovich Kozlov was friendly right up to rest days of his life, the rest of his vision of yogo vіrshiv spurred the light of 1892 roci. Musical evenings were held at Yogo Budinka, and Zinaida Volkonska, Adam Mitskevich, brothers Vielgorsky, Lermontov were the patrons of these evenings.

All the creativity of this people was pierced by high spirituality, kindness and talking about gentry, fortitude. He died on September 30, 1840, on the date of his funeral at the Tikhvin Tsvintary of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra, in order from the grave of Zhukovsky.

Russian sings, translations. In 1821 blind. Lyrical verses, romantic poem "Chernets" (1825). Virsh "Vechirnіy dzvin" (1828, translated by T. Moore) became a folk song.

Born near Moscow on April 11, 1779. Batko Yogo was the state secretary of Katerini II, mother - from the old Khomutov family. For 5 years, the boy was recorded as a sergeant in the Life Guards Izmailovsky Regiment and in 1795 was ensigned. Serving at the office of the Moscow commander-in-chief; In 1812, he worked at the committee for the enlightenment of the Moscow militia, then entered the service to the department of sovereign mains. In 1818, the legs were seen in the new one, and becoming pogreshuvatisya zіr; in 1821 he was left blind. For the wedding of his friend, Zhukovsky, "having endured his hard share with marvelous patience - and God's Providence, which sent you a hard test, granting you at the same hour a great heart: hitting him with ailment, sho separated him from your new name usima yogo with joys, changing the floorings, opening up the dark eyes of yogo all the inner, varied and unchanging light of poetry, touching with faith, cleansing the suffering ". Knowing French and Italian language of childhood, Kozlov is now fluent in English, German and Polish language. Vіn mav a phenomenal memory, scho sche more strongly unfolded under the hour of ailment: "knowing the memory, - it seems Zhukovsky, - of the whole Byron, all sing Walter Scott, the best place of Shakespeare is so self, like the first for all Racina, Tassa and the head of the month of Dante" : having known the memory and all the Gospels, the life of Yogo was divided "between religion and poetry". "Everything that strove at the light destroyed its fate - and I often said about the sound of the world with such a child's cicacity." In the meantime, Kozlov was served by that respect, for which the luminaries of the hourly poetry, starting from Pushkin, lay before him. Vіn having spoken at the press in 1821, singing "To Svіtlani"; let us remember a number of great and ancient works, like wines, sound dictating your daughter. In 1824 roci appeared "Chernets", in 1826 roci - Byron's "Named Abidoska", in 1828 roci - "Princess Natalia Borisivna Dolgoruka" and the book "Virshiv", in 1829 roci - "Crimean sonnets" by Mickiewicz and successive subtitles near Scotland", 1830 - "Bozhevilna". Kozlov died on September 30, 1840. Yogo's grave is on the Tikhvin Tsvintary of the Oleksandr-Nevsky Lavra, in order from the grave of Zhukovsky. slavish inheriting wines are not buv: what Zhukovsky has as the basis of poetry, then Kozlov has only a tone її; Zhukovsky is more important than Schiller and Goethe's words, Kozlov's soul lies before English poetry. A lot of critics instill in him the first manifestation of Russian Byronism. But it’s unlikely that even “Blackie”, over the sides of which the co-workers and especially the co-workers were shedding tears, to whom Pushkin heard hearing “crying in tears”, there may be names for Byron’s poetry. Here there is no gloomy and dirty titanism of Byron's heroes: the hero of Kozlov is still "crying and praying", and evil yogo, like a vin vikupov schirim kayatty, not a moment to viklikati kari from the side of a humane court. In other poems by Kozlov, sentimentalism soon became apparent, for which suspіlstvo has not yet fallen ill. Schopravda, Kozlov richly translating from Byron; The very nature of the translations of the verses can be seen from the fact that the basis of Byron's poetry was far away from Kozlov, and the translation, moreover, is far from the original. Kozlov's heart lay before the English idials, at the Wordsworth family, before the melancholy elegiacs, at the Mura chi Millgua family. Such a soul chooses verses and other poets: Lamartine, Chenier, Manzon, Petrarch too. In the middle of these translations there are a few words, as if they were all familiar with anthologies, for example Moore's "Evening Dzvin", Wordsworth's "We are seven", "Young" in Shenye's lamentation, Yaroslavna's lamentation of words about Igor's death. Irrespective of being blind, Kozlov subtly discerned nature, especially those moments when life is tense. Such a mood is conveyed by Kozlov's best verse - "Venetian Night". It is evident from the miraculous translation of the Crimean sonnets of Mickiewicz that the wines rose in the minds of the beauties of nature. Kozlov's creations were seen in 1833, 1840, 1855; The most recent collection of Kozlov's works has been seen, edited by Ars. I. Vvedensky, 1892.

Kozlov Ivan Ivanovich born on 11(22).IV.1779. in Moscow - she sings perekladach.

Having come from an old-fashioned, ale zbіdnilogo noble family.

In 1795-98, he served with the Life Guards of the Izmailovsky Regiment, then transferred to civilian service.

Raptovy paralysis, having cured yoga in 1816, nіg and zavzhd prikuvat to bed.

In 1819 p. Kozlov pochati vtrachati zіr, and in 1821 p. remain blind.

At this hour, yoga is poetically gifted. Knowing Italian and French language, Ivan Ivanovich was fluent in German and English, being blind and having begun to take care of poetic translations for help.

In 1821, in the magazine "Sin of Vitchizni" (No. 44), the first original verse "To Svіtlani" was published.

In 1825, the poem “Chernets” came to the fore with the name “Chernets”, which brought fame to it. Even before it appeared in the press, it became widely seen in the lists. The sumptuous story of a monk who survived a long period of irrevocable life losses, how they brought Yogo to the monastery, called alive almost to the hero and interest to the author of the fellows. Poema “took a bagatu and a gift of tears from beautiful eyes; її knew to remind and cholovіki» (Belіnskiy). At the forefront of the “Chernets” before the first sight, it was about the tragic fate of Kozlov, and the song was taken in a flash like a broad and deeply praised by the speech of the blind poet himself.

"Chernets" is the best creation of the poet. Kozlov’s gift as a “pochutya poet” (Belinsky) and with truly poetic power sounded like the main motives of his creativity: tell about the past and unfailing happiness, deeply experiencing important losses, turning to religion like a god.

In 1828, the poem “Princess Natalia Borisivna Dolgoruka” was written.

In 1830, the story at the verses "Bozhevilna".

Ale success stench small.

“The essence of it,” wrote Belinsky, “is nothing else, like a repetition of “Chernetsya”: the words are different, but the motive is the same, and they themselves sting respect, stop zbudzhuvati fate.”

Kozlov's romanticism is characterized by familiarity with the advanced supra-foods of the era, and the diversity of religious-humanistic exercises. In whom all manifested his political conservatism.

At the 1820s. Kozlov I. I. written by kіlka vіrshiv in volitional those:

"Beyron" (1824).

A close link to Kozlov’s creativity with yogo summed up Belinsky: “Unfortunately gave yoma and a splendid and shape, and color for the song, why do all the yogo with one man, all with one tone. The sacrament of suffering, the surrender of the will of providence, hope for a better life behind a string, faith in a kohannya, quiet confusion, a lagid sum, - the axis of the great zmist and color of yoga inspiration.

The poetic spadshchina of Kozlov Ivan Ivanovich is neurotic. A number of truly artistic creations (“To a friend of V. A. Zhukovsky”, “Venetian Nich”) are often focused and clearly in the middle.

Kozlov's gift was deeply pierced at the crossroads. Kolo perekladeniyah them poetіv dosit differently: Petrarch, Torquato Tasso, Schiller, Andre Chenier, Adam Mickiewicz, Berne, Thomas Moore and others. One of the first ones, Ivan Ivanovich, goes as far as Byron's translations ("Abidoska is Named", lines from "Don Juan", "New Stansi" and others). And yet the poet's indifference to everyday life, the religiousness of the poet led to the creation of Byron's rebellious genius. The translations of Kozlov and "Irish Melodies" by Thomas Moore appear politically unintelligible.

Among the best translations of Kozlov Ivan Ivanovich - "Vechirnіy zvіn", widely known as a folk song,

"Already beating the drum in front of the invincible regiment,"

"Lament of Yaroslavna"

"throat",

"Good night",

"New Stansi",

"Inheritance of Mickiewicz's sonnet" ("It's a pity! Unfortunate one ...").

Died 30.I (11.II). 1840 p. at Petersburg.

Kozliv, Ivan Ivanovich

Sings, reed. April 11, 1779 near Moscow, pom. September 30, 1840 The body of yoga was consecrated at the Tikhvin Tsvintary in the Oleksandr-Nevsky Lavra, debilling this year friend and patron of yoga V. A. Zhukovsky. Batko Yogo - to collect the voucher for Tsaryuvannya Katerini II, general-reketmeister Ivan Ivanovich Kozlov. Kozlov's name lay before the great Muscovite suspense, and I. I. Kozlov-sin brightly rospochav his service career. On the sixth roci of the people, they were sergeant in the Izmailovsky regiment, and on the 16th (1795) roci, ensigns were ensigned, and after three roki, they were transferred "to civil rights", with the renaming of the back to the provincial secretaries; of the same fate, he was smashed in the wheelchair of the asesori, with recognition to the office of the prosecutor general, and then to the heraldry and nareshti (since 1807) to the office of the Moscow chief commander, de otrimav rank of overhead guard. In 1812 p. Kozlov was a member of the committee for the enlightenment of the Moscow militia and the calls at the post office three days before the entry of the French to Moscow, if he moved to Ribinsk with his family. After driving the enemy from Russia, Kozlov entered the service in the department of sovereign mains, de for two years (1814) took off the rank of a kolezky radnik; but without a hitch, Yogo's service career stuck: in 1818. a blow to paralysis, breaking the leg at the back of the foot and confusing the nervous system, then becoming step by step instilling zir і in 1821. zovsіm blind. Shche in 1809. Kozlov, having made friends with the daughter of the foreman S.A. Davidova and in family life, as well as in close friendship with Zhukovsky, having become close to him in the Moscow society, unhappily sings a well-known moral encouragement at his great mountain. The fathers of their mothers, the people of Khomutova, having obtained a good enlightenment, illuminating a miraculous mind and a wondrous memory, at their pompous camp knowing the discord in the continued self-illumination. Miraculously describing in short words the blind Kozlov Zhukovsky. "Blind, unruly, write wine, and ceaselessly suffering, but deeply enlightened to the humble Christians, enduring their hardship with wondrous patience, and God's providence, sending you a heavy test, bestowing upon you at the same hour and great joy: , that separated Yogo from the earthly light and from the comfort of Yogo with joys, that the floorings change us, breaking Yogo’s gloomy look, all the internal, different and unchanging light of the cleansing, illuminating the world, suffering. "Luminating in the memory of the unknown (great happiness for the blind), Kozlov took from the depths of his soul all his past; he is alive now and until the rest of the quiet he has taken all the freshness and warmth of a loving heart. Misfortune slew Yogo as a poet and the fates of suffering were the most profound of Yogo's mind. Having previously known French and Italian mov, wine already on the bed of ailment, condoning the dawn, having learned English and German, and everything that, having read it in English language, lost its memory: having known the memory of everything, Valemin Bayeron -Cattle, the best month of Shakespeare, as well as the head of Rasina, Tassa and the head of the month of Dante. Ale, the best and most beautiful in the quiet of my life, were those who, with such faithfulness, could read all the gospels and all our prayers. In such a rite, yoga of life, physically ruminated, with uninterrupted, often sickly sickness, it was divided between religion and poetry, as if healing their spirits, they were buried in new and spiritual sorrow, and bodily anguish. Ale wine was not a stranger to the splendid everyday life: everything that scrambled in the light, ruined its fate - and wine often said about the splendid world with a childish cackle. From tієї samoї pori, in a way of paralysis, having spared yoga nіg and dawn, physical suffering not only did not close, but innocently sighed, Rest hour often reached the extreme step; the stench, however, may not have been poured into his soul, as if it had been overwhelmed forever, and in the intermissions it was calm with a youthful freshness. Only ten days before his death, the strong sufferers calmed down, but at the same time, it seemed that the soul fell asleep. Death approached the new with a quiet crock; Vіn forgetting in the hands of її, and Yogo's life passed away unremembered.

Kozlov's first verse "Until Light" appeared in the press in 1821. in the journal "Sin of Witches" (No. 44), and from the same hour they began to appear in the journals of other verses, and Kozlov sang his glory with the poem "Chernets", which appeared in a friend's memory of the seers in 1825; one chapter of її (Xth) was instructed in 1823. in "News of Literature" under the title "Return to the Fatherland"; vtіm, even before the next time it was rozіshla in numerical manuscripts in all of Russia. "Blackie" having dealt with strong hostility to contemporary readers and putting them in order with Pushkin's poems. The rest is also highly appreciative of yoga: - having taken away the author’s copy, take a copy with an unknown letter to us, having written to his brother L. S. Pushkin from the village. Mikhailovsky: "The signature of the blind poet hit me invisibly. The story of its beauty, and" if you want to sing, - you can't work it in a moment "Byron's giddy. accepting a greedy place, de sings describing his obscurity, to be deprived of the eternal bright painful poetry. The same Pushkin wrote the verse "Kozlov - after the otrimannya in the night of the new Chernets", as if he was ordered to attack 1826. in "Choices of Vershiv A. S. Pushkin". The assessment of the first poem by Kozlov was smashed by Belinsky is completely fair. "Glory to Kozlov, like wine, was created by" Chernets. "having aroused no less interest among the public, like the first sing of Pushkin, with such a difference, that you have fully understood it, vin u rіven z usima in kind, sensibly and understandably, be on the shoulder be-yakіy osvіtі. Karamzіna." for the twenties of the last century in the same way as "Bidna Liza" was for the ninety years of the past and first nineteenth century. genus and the same quality. є clearly inherited "Gyaura" - Reason c the first degree at the level of talents of both spivakiv, the stylists and at the various spiritual natures. "Darkness" of spovneniy pochuttya, skrіz poynyatyam pochuttya - and the axis of the reason for this majestic, even mittevago success. Ale tse feels a little too warm, not deep, not strong, not all-season. The suffering of the monk is awakening with us until the new, as if patiently raising our roztashuvannya to the new, but more. The subjugation of the will of Providence is a great manifestation in the sphere of the spirit; but it’s not narrow-minded among the self-proclaimed blue, for the nature of my own self-proclaiming to see, and for the nature of my own self-proclaiming, fall victim to the forces of power: the self-proclaiming of the first is more than just the consequences of unhappiness, but the self-proclaiming of the other is great, the triumph of the other is great, the triumph of the other is great sensibility. The suffering monks, hung with miraculous verses that seem to breathe with warmth, captivated the public and laid a myrtle wreath on the head of the blind poet. Vlasne camp of the author even more raised the price of his creation. Vіn himself loves yoga in front of his brothers and sisters." - It is important to add to these rows of Belinsky: - they characterize Kozlov's reason and explain the significance and reason for success. Following "Chernets" were two more poems of the blind poet Natalіya: "Knya Dolgorukaya (1828) and "Bozhevilna" (1830), but offending the stench with their virtues, they significantly sacrifice the first. Kozlov seemed to hang all over his first great work. Behind your own name, sing repeat the main motive of "Chernetsya"; arguably, they have very little internal suspense, they have a lot of stretching, that stinks too tedious, there are miracles in them, it’s important lyrical space, but with a touch of insult, easing artistic truth, not seeming already about Dolgorukoy’s truth (in Natalia). and pobutova (in Bozhevilniy) For the respect of Belinsky in the rest, "the heroine is a nimkenya in sheepskin leather, and not a Russian strong woman." To that it was well understood that we sang a little richer than the quicker of the reading public, lower "Chernets".

Kozlov's lyrical verses are filled with positive poetic humor. The main character of їхної subjectivity. They penetrate deep feelings, the stinks represent outside the expression of the mournful soul of the poet: the mystery of suffering, the surrender of the will of providence, hope for a better life behind the string and with this silence, that constant turmoil. More bulo was appointed, as a strong hostility sent to Pushkin "Message to Zhukovsky", to whom he sings describing his blackout. It dawned on him, to what motive, humbled by his unavoidable grief, Kozlov turned around more often. Vіn do not forget yoga in a moment, guessing the past, casually breaking yoga with summaries of today. Vin depicts the remains at "Dedicated" to "Chernets", at the verses "To Svitlana" and up to "Walter Scott", "Countess Pototskaya" and other. Along with this, the main motive in Kozlov's poems is the enchanting picture of nature and the image of scenes of radio life - such as "Venetian night", "Before Italy", "Before N. I. Gnedich", "Stansy to the Caucasus and Crimea" and a lot of others . Wonderful for the blind poet is the fidelity of the pictures of nature he depicts, the vividness of farb yogo described, but to the one who had a lot of memory of the poet instilled the damage of his "visible" period of life, and the strength of the manifestation gave the ability to combine, similute and; the poet of a blind old man's anger is not veiled by new ones, constantly reinforcing the memory, the stink of his new brightness and freshness. At the same time, respect for one characteristic situation, which should become the essence of this literary activity. Significant is the number of other original works of Kozlov far away from the Russian life and the flames of Russia. Vershi "On the burial of the English General Sir John Moore", "Venetian Night", "To Italy", "To the Alps", "The Greek at the Vyaznitsa" and even a lot of others for their zmіst to be placed to the lands, which are sung by no one and not sticking with them without intermediary; Ale VIN, KRIM of his Sumer Staid, Maya Zovsim, I used the yogo, the post -prime of the novi of the most fucked nature of the Io, ascended to his Suznikayv, the head of the rose of the mudders of the cheers, it was especially for the time. material from Russian. Kozlov was born with poets raised by him; the world of their creations is like being conquered, and the pictures depicted by them called out to them new ones, which complement them in their daily life, they are the same from it. Let's guess, that half of the literary activity of the poet is devoted to translations. The first place among the poets, such as Kozlov has translated, Byron sits. The hour of this literary activity is growing with the new development of Byronism in Russian literature. An English poet hooted and shifted yoga with such a great talent, like, for example. Zhukovsky, unconcerned by those that Byron, due to the nature of his poetry, could not do anything with his translator; the light-gazer of the first one is far from the ideal of the other. Seeing in 1833. Chillon, Claran and Vevey, Zhukovsky write to Kozlov: "Your names are predicted by Rousseau, and Julia, and Byron. For me, promoters only follow the rest ... For the great local nature, for the passions of people, Rousseau does not have anything at the right time, a promenist meteor, a scarlet meteor bursting and the sign of Byron - on the right: rich sides of yogo eternity, but in the new one a stingy soul. So, like Zhukovsky, the light-gazer of the British poet, was familiar to Kozlov, but he chose for translating only those that were more indicative of his character, so having left, like his friend and teacher Zhukovsky, completely subjective. mi "Byron", dedicated to Pushkin. Tvіr tsey, for the respect of Belinsky "є the apotheosis of Byron's whole life; he's not shattered in a swearing manner, but he is inspired by poetic peculiarities." To add to this, that in Byron the images are extremely one-sided: in Kozlov, confusion is put in the foreground, the tightness of the English poet and absolutely grafting, a sharp protest, proudly ignorant of guilt, often manifest, and such misfortune. Usikh p'єs, translated by Kozlov from Byron, eighteen, among them one great poem "The Name of Abidoska" was translated as a whole, but the translation is only a blurry copy of the original; the head yoga is short - stretched: one verse of Byron is shifted by two, and sometimes three verses are twisted; Other times to present verses from the great sings: "Child of Harold", "Don Juan", "Gyaura", "Corsair", or other lyrical verses. One of the rest is especially successful and can be viewed as an artistic interpretation of foreign poets; tse verse "Probach" (Fare thee well, and if for ever...), written by Byron for his squad, for separation from her. Krim Byron, Kozlov translating other English poets: I have a few translations from Thomas Moore, two from Wordsworth, one from Walter Scott. From the French їm translated a piece of verses by Andriy Chenier, Lamartine and Beranger, but more from Italian - three sonnets and verses of Petrarch, a verse of urivkivs from Tassov "Zvilneny Єrusalimu", and one each from "The Battle of Orlanda" of Danzhetov moreover, a sprinkling of modern-day Kozlov's few Italian poets. From the German Kozlov, having translated a little: more than one verse of Schiller and Goethe, moreover, the translation of the verse "Radist" is inherited, the lower translation. For his time, Kozlov gave the great service to Russian literature with the first translation of Mickiewicz's "Crimean Sonnets". In the meantime, like translations of Kozlov, not respecting the visibility of the private sector, they are not pleased with the help of some harsh criticism: they vіn vіn vіlno vіdstupaє vіd the original; in the passages, de text to the original malyuvav in visual translation the poetic image - vіn zdіysnyuvav yogo in a squeezed picture form and the translation of the translation did not receive hostility to the original, the best style of language to the original was absolutely known in the translation; Bazhayuchi convey a whole zmist original, translating becoming rich, stretched. Usy is notable in the translations of Mickiewicz's sonnets: conveying one verse of the Polish poet to the two and navitting three of them with their own verses, Kozlov, in his translations, wrought the entire form of the sonnet, wanting to miraculously convey the miraculous images of the Crimean nature. Kozlov's verses in final collections were seen in two volumes, not long after the author's death, Zhukovsky - "Collection of Kozlov's verses", third edition, St. Petersburg, 1840. During the author's life, there were two editions in one volume in 1828. and in two volumes until 1832-1833. Remains the best sight of an addendum to the journal "Niva" for the lime of 1892: "More selection of the works of I. I. Kozlov. Leipzig, St. Petersburg, 1892".

V. Yakovlev.

(Polovtsov)

Kozliv, Ivan Ivanovich

Talanovity sings of the Pushkin era. Rid. near Moscow on April 11, 1779; for the trips, having lain down to the highest Moscow court: father Yogo was the state secretary of Katerina II, mother of the old Khomutov family. 5 years old boy military service - Sergeant in the Life Guards Izmailovsky Regiment and already in 1795. crushed by ensigns. In 1798 p. K. transferred to civil service and entered the office of the Prosecutor General, then at the herald and, Nareshti, at the office of the Moscow commander-in-chief Tutolmin. In 1809 p. K. made friends with the daughter of the brigadier S.A. Davidova. Not long before the first time, I met Zhukovsky, and my acquaintance soon turned into a hot friendship. In 1812 p. K. worked at the committee for the enlightenment of the Moscow militia. Following the departure of the French from Russia, K. went to St. Petersburg, de entering the service to the department of sovereign mines. In 1818 p. it became unfortunate for K., who turned all his life upside down and took it to the one who became a poet; paralysis having relieved yoga nig, and then becoming more severe, and in 1821 he was left blind. Ale K. did not fall into the absence of sleep; you know your own strength to put up with adversity. K. for the words of Zhukovsky, "having endured his share of suffering with wondrous patience - and God's Promise, which sent you a hard test, bestowing on you at the same hour a great wind: hitting him with a disease, which separated him forever joys, comforting us, breaking the veins of a gloomy look, all the inner, rіznomanіtny and unchanging light of poetry, touching with faith, cleansing the suffering ". Knowing French and Italian language from childhood, K., already blind, having lost English, German and Polish language. Moreover, I have a phenomenal memory, that the hour of ailment has grown stronger: “knowing wine”, like Zhukovsky, “remember all Byron, all sing Walter Scott, the best place from Shakespeare, also like the first for all Rasina, Tassa and headline of the month with Dante" ; nareshti, knowing the memory of all the gospels. In this way, the life of yoga was divided "between religion and poetry." "Ale wine is not a stranger and a wonderful everyday life: everything that scrambled in the world, zbudzhuval his fate - and wine often told about the wonderful world with such a child's cackle". In the meantime, K. served those who, with such stingy respect, were placed before the new, the Crimea of ​​Zhukovsky, and all other luminaries of that poetry, starting from Pushkin. He himself appeared at the press in 1821, - the very same, if he had spent money, - he wrote "Until Light". Let's sweat a number of great and ancient works, like a blind man sings, dictating his daughter. In 1824 p. Yogo "Chernets" appeared, in 1826. - "Named Abidoska" Byron, in 1828. - "Princess Natalia Borisivna Dolgoruka" that book "Virsh", in 1829. - "Crimean sonnets" by Mickiewicz and legacy to Burns: "A strong Saturday evening in Scotland", in 1830. - "Goddess". Concessions to dawn, in paralysis and mid-term physical suffering, K. lived for 20 years: he died on September 30, 1840. his poetry. There is no one K. can stand so close to in literature, like Zhukovsky. Ale K. was not the slavish successor of Zhukovsky: those who in the rest are the basis of poetry, K. have only a tone. Deyak raznitsa є th in the sympathies of both poets: Zhukovsky is more important vіddanii Schiller and Goethe, the soul of K. lies to the English poetry; ale insults stench richly shift, and as perekladachi merits chi not greater vdyachnosti, lower as original sing. At Do. a lot of critics succumb to the first manifestation of Russian Byronism. But it’s unlikely that even “Blackie”, over the sides of which the co-workers and especially the co-workers were shedding tears, to whom Pushkin heard hearing “crying in tears”, there may be names for Byron’s poetry. Here there is no gloomy and dirty titanism of Byron's heroes: the hero K. all "weeping and praying" - for his lawful retinue, and evil yogo, like a vikupov schirim kayattyam, not a moment to viklikati kari in a humane court. Let's sing about the reshta K. and say nothing. They have a quicker revival of recent sentimentalism, which has not yet overcome the sickness, which is why "Chernets" and zustrіv are so successful, ensuring the same share of the poet. Schopravda, K. richly translating from Byron; In addition, the very nature of the translation of these verses should be noted that the basis of Byron's poetry was far away from K., and before that, translate it far into the original, that without a proper sign it would not be possible to recognize Byron's verses. K.'s heart lay before the English idioms, on the quarters of Wordsworth, Burns, the melancholy elegiacs, on the quarters of Moore, Millvois. Such a soul chooses the verses and other poets: Lamartine, Chateaubriand, Chenier, Gross, Manzon, Petrarch and others. "Young Vyaznya" Shenier, "Yaroslavna's Lament" and "Words about Polk Igor" and so on. Naskіlki K., having died and he himself perematisya foreign poetry, to sing yogo verse "On the funeral of the English general to Sir John Moore." Irrespective of the blindness, K. subtly discerned nature, and especially those moments, if life is exercising tension, if it is necessary for a strange heart, to feel the beat of the pulse of that life. Such a mood is conveyed by K.'s best verse - "Venetian Night". What wines have sparked in the minds of the beauty of nature - it can be seen from the miraculous translation of the Crimean sonnets of Mickiewicz.

About K. divas: create Zhukovsky, Belinsky. Create yoga seen 1833, 1840, 1855; the most recent selection of works Do. seen for the editors of Ars. I. Vvedensky, born in 1892 A.F. Marx.

M. Mazaev.

(Brockhaus)

Kozliv, Ivan Ivanovich

Sings. Having walked from the lavas of a noble, the nobility is ruined (syn of the secretary of state). Serving in the military, a year in the civil service. Vіtsі nearly forty rokіv buv broken by paralysis, which, having spared yogo nіg, after three roki zovsіm blind. Rick spend the dawn on the cob of literary activity K.: in 1821, the first yoga verse "To Svіtlani" was published in the press.

After some time, I will take wide popularity of the romantic poem "Chernets", which appears in the lists, published in 1824, called Pushkin's vital verse and was accompanied by great success. For two more, we sing that great number of lyrical verses written by K. there are numerical translations from English, French, Italian and Polish mov, from which deaks became classic ("Vechirnіy zvіn", "Not beating the drum" etc.).

In the social and economic butt of K., the new bourgeois-capitalist infusions (professional employment in literature) are united with the old class-noble system (pension, "philanthropy" to the court of that nobility). Tse signifies the duality of yoga ideology, in a way that we can easily overcome, the "dead" Decembrists get along with sharp political conservatism, and the special nature of yoga stylistic manner. In the poetry of K., the new "romantic" season, which goes in the sight of the young Pushkin, mingles not only with the infusion of the "pacified" music of Zhukovsky, - a poet especially close to you, - but also with the "sentimental" traditions of Karamzin. K.'s favorite genres are a ballad and a romantic poem. I am one of the first energetic conductors of Byron's creativity on Russian literature (translate from Byron, "byronichni" sing). Prote, writing in Byron's pitiful pathos of "suffering" and "addictions", K. counts the words of hope and reconciliation in creativity. Together with the generations of the Decembrists, they sang “freedom”, “wonderful freedom” (“Wonderful freedom” (“Ploneny the Greek in the yard” and “in”) in their verses), but in the context of yogic creativity and understanding, it was possible to save some kind of political aggravation. His translation of Byron's "Named Abidoska" - the heroic apotheosis of the rebellion against the lawful power of the "robber" Selima - to the consecrated squads of Mykoli I, Empress Oleksandriya Feodorivna, at the consecrated remembrance of the defeat of the Decembrists by the tsar, yak "alpor". A particularly tragic share marked out the monotonous theme of K.'s poetry with overriding motives for the collapse of an unforeseen love idil, with reluctantly repeating images of divine, names that die at the day of fun, etc. However, here K. on. and Zhukovsky. "Byronichny" sing K. made a significant splash on the young Lermontov.

Bibliography: I. Rev. zib. sochin., Vid. corrected and significantly supplemented Ars. IV. Vvedensky, St. Petersburg, 1892 (the most recent species); in. type: Sib. sochin., 2 hours, St. Petersburg, 1833; for red. V. A. Zhukovsky, 2 ch. view. Smirdina, 2 hours, St. Petersburg, 1855; 4 hours, St. Petersburg, 1890-1891; Grot K. Ya., Schodennik I. I. Kozlova, sb. "Ancient and new", St. Petersburg, 1906, XI.

II. Belinsky St, Sobr. virshiv Kozlov (div. Collected works); Trush Do., Naris of the Literary Activity of Kozlov, M., 1899; Selivanov I., My acquaintance with Kozlov, "Russian Archives", 1903, XII; Grot K. Ya., Before biography, works and listings I. I. Kozlova, "News of the Vidd., 1906, I; Aikhenvald Yu., I. I. Kozlov, type. "History of Russian literature of the XIX century", Type. t-va "Svit", vol. I, book 1; Rozanov I. II., Russian Lyrics, M., 1914 (redirected from the book "Sing the Twenty Rocks of the 19th Century", M., 1925); Russian. lang. and literature Acad. Nauk", vol. XIX, St. Petersburg, 1914, I; Danilov H. M., I. I. Kozlov, there, vol. XIX, St. Petersburg, 1914, II. I. Kozlova, there, after all, vol. XX, St. Petersburg, 1915, II, and vol. XXII, St. Petersburg, 1917, II; Spiridonov V., I. I. Kozlov, I. Kozlov and criticism of the 50s ., 1922 (with an addendum, the article of Ap. Grigor'ev about Kozlov was published in the past with a drive to exit from the world of the remains of the rest of the species. 1855); Collection "Sertum bibliologicum", II. P., 1922.

III. Mezier A.V., Russian literature from the XI to the XIX century. inclusive, year. II, St. Petersburg, 1902; Vladislavlov I. St, Russian writers, view. 4th, Giz, L., 1924.

D. Good.

(Lit. Enc.)

Great biographical encyclopedia. 2009 .

Marvel at the same "Kozlov, Ivan Ivanovich" in other dictionaries:

Talanovitiy sings. Born near Moscow on April 11, 1779. dad yoga boov Secretary of State Catherine II, mother of the old Khomutov family. 5 years old boy was recorded as a sergeant in the Life Guards Izmailovsky Regiment and in 1795 the rotation was broken in 1795 rotation. Biographical dictionary

- (1779-1840), sings, translations. Petersburg, having moved from Moscow in 1813, serving in the Department of the Sovereign Main (signs “for ailment” in 1823). In 1818 p. Kozlov was stricken with paralysis, starting to go blind; in 1821 I became blind; same with… Encyclopedic book "St. Petersburg"

- (1779-1840), Russian. sings a romantic, translator and propagandist of J. Byron in Russia. Prov. K. were included in the column of L.’s reading room and were for him one of the first places of acquaintance with Byronichs. I will eat. Early sing L. ("Circassians", "Corsair", ... Lermontov Encyclopedia