Dolikarska dopomoga for acute fractures of the bones. Dolikarskaya dopomoga for fractures of the kintsivok. Fracture of the base of the skull

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The most important injury is a fracture. The first help, given at the right time in the necessary obsyasi, can reduce the risk of complications, change the hour of inappropriateness, and sometimes protect a person from disability or death. For whom it is more necessary to take care of the calm affected bones, pain relief and deliver the injured to the hospital.

See the fractures

A fracture is a damage to the integrity of the cyst (outwardly or outwardly), which is due to the influx of physical strength and pathology. Separate:

According to the position of the ulamkiv, there is one of one:

zі zmіschennyam;
without sleepiness.

According to the recurrence of the fracture:

povny, if the brush is subdivided into 2 and more parts;
not perfect, but a crack, in which the brush breaks, but does not burst.

Behind the sign of the obviousness of the shkiri:

Indeed, the classification of fractures is already great, knowledge of all її nuances is only necessary for traumatologists, they are more so that the stench does not spit into the rules of the first medical aid at the local level.

Symptoms of a fracture

The presence of a sprat is a sign, the presence of such a great imovirnistyu allows suspecting a fracture.

The first of them is bіl, which is blamed without intermediary at the moment of injury, which will be strengthened in the case of Russia suffered from kіntsіvkoy or її obmatsuvannya.

The onset symptom is functional impairment. In case of fractures of the bones of a person, a person cannot stand on the injured kіntsіvka, in case of an injury to the arm, it is not possible for her to squirm. A fracture of the ribs does not allow adequate respiration, and in case of damage to the ridge of the injured, the building often collapses in flames.

Deformation - tse sign, relevant more importantly for fractures of the ends. The presence of a change in the shape of the legs and hands is unambiguously evidence of the adoption of the ulamkiv.

Pathological fragility is the fourth symptom that characterizes the fracture. Let's use this term to understand the frivolity of the kіntsіvka there, de yoga a healthy person cannot be.

Creepiness is a sound phenomenon that is blamed when rubbing the bones of the skull one by one. You can feel it like a crackle for an hour, the rush of the poor kіntsіvka.

Do not start when there are fractures and signs. Іsnuyut, for example, driven in fractures, in case of which one part of the cyst yak bi enter to the inshoї. They may have deformities and crepitations. A compression fracture of the ridge is a variant of injury: sometimes the year passes, until the main symptoms show up and the person turns to the doctor. Call for a visit to the emergency room to apply with an increase in the sign of the nerve roots or the spinal cord itself (there is no skin of the hands and feet, there is a weakness in the eyes of the skin)

The first medical aid in case of fractures is due to faults to begin negligently, fragments of gostrі kіnci kіstkovykh ulamkіv can harm the main artery, cut through the great nerve storms, trauma can cause shock.

First aid for fractures

Obsyag zahodіv first help to lie down due to various factors:

chi vіdkritiy fracture in the victim chi zakritiya;
chi single vin chi є multiple ushkodzhennya;
chi stable life displays;
like the brush itself was damaged.

First aid for a closed fracture

Safeguarding the safety of the injured warden is a top priority. Slid perekonatisya at the daily life, threatening the health and life of the sick, for the need to move the injured at the safe place.

Immobilization is the best way to save the further humiliation of a human being. Whether it be a shift of the cystic ulamkiv, if one of the same calls out a strong beat, you can cause arterial pressure to fall, roaring the vessel and nerves. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure the integrity of the injured segment of the body.

Break the ends

The simplest care in case of fractures of the ends. For immobilization vicorist either special tires, or improvised boards, clubs, cardboard, you can take glossy magazines. The tire is guilty of lying in such a way as to twist at least two drifts, which lie down to the broken brush - the upper one and the lower one. There are only two vines:

It is not possible to put a splint on a bare skin: rather, if such a kіntsіvkoy knew about it, if only one ball of cloth was used - a robe of a ganchirka. It is necessary to bandage it with a stretch of the mustache. In vinyatkovyh vapadki it is enough to tie її at the top of that lower place to fracture - it’s shorter, lower vzagali do not immobilize.

Respect! Don't try to refute the poor tale! Tse mozhe potentiate injury, viklikati poshkodzhennya tissue that shock. As if the tip of the fracture was twisted, next to put it under it, I wound the roller with a bandage and only bandaged the splint.

Alternative methods of immobilization

Possibly situations, if there is nothing to prepare for an improvised bus. And here there is a trace of the anatomical features of the body. So, when a leg was broken, the bandage was bandaged to a healthy one, and when an arm was broken, to the body.

finger fracture

Immobilization here is simple - the injured finger is bandaged to a healthy one for the whole stretch.

rib fracture

Perhaps, a single fracture, which does not require fixation. Previously, with this injury, a bandage was applied to the victim to put pressure on the thoracic cavity. None of them were affected, the shards of the veins worsened by trauma, adhering to the development of pneumonia and the decrease in the functions of the respiratory system.

Fracture of the pelvis

Immobilization does not fail. Lay the victim on his back, pushing a tight roller under the knee and developing the quilt of an ill killer (“toad posture”, in which a person is left to prolong the last period of renewal).

spine fracture

Tsya trauma is considered the most safe. The least usunennya ulamkіv ridge can lead to a peretina of the nerve roots or the spinal cord. Tse rob a person with a disability, but in such situations you can beat him. Like a person, who doesn’t see the hands of a nig, like she fell from the heights or got into a car accident - she should have suspected a fracture of the ridge. Such a victim is laid on his back on a dove in his chest, tied up and transported with a mustache to the hospital.

Give respect: in case of low chest and transverse vertebrae of the ridge, the sick person is laid on his back on a zhorstka, the flat is not bending (stand "b" on the little one). If there is no possibility of creating a flat that does not bend, but in the area across it there is a large wound, then the victim is laid on a soft stretcher on his stomach (stand "a" on a little one).

After the installation of a tire to the victim, who is staying at the witness, give the strongest pain reliever, as if in reality (dexketoprofen, ketorolac, baralgin). This is necessary in order to reduce the chance of development. It helps to relieve pain and cold, given to a fracture. Bulbashka with cold water, a hot water bottle with ice, a dance of cold water to drink, pulled out of the refrigerator - whether one of these objects lowers the steps, the volume of hematoma and the change in the intensity of pain.

Traumatologists seem to say: “In case of a severe fracture, the back of the head is a great wound, then we take care of the fracture.” Such a pіdkhіd is optimal, even if you're still going to shukati material for the tire or give the patient painkillers, you can just spit the blood.

In case of a severe fracture, the first aid helps to relieve bleeding in the non-gainous denticles. The simplest way to fight against capillary bleeding is to finish the wound, just bandage the wound and get out. In times of poor main vessels (especially arteries), they apply a bandage to press, but if they don’t help, then they’ll install a blood spinal tourniquet.

See you!

Like a jig, you can vikoristovuvat everything that is worth it - a skein, a crib, a belt. Shoelaces, dart too thin.

Rules for putting on a harness:

Apply a tourniquet to the other place of bleeding:
- when the shoulder is weak, the front of the hand is on the shoulder;
- with steg injuries. Gomilki or stop - on the stego.
It is necessary to lay the fabric under the harness - this way you can avoid additional injury to the skins.
Please, send a note, in which May the exact hour of the invoice and contact details, which were sent, are indicated.
The term for laying a harness is no more than 2 years for a charge and 1-1.5 years for a charge.
In order to transport the injured person, the tourniquet should loosen the skin 20-30 strands by 3-5 strands, pressing on this term, I bleed with a gauze swab, bandage, and an individual dressing bag.

After a new bleeding bleed, the next step is the immobilization of the injury, pain relief and transportation of the victim to the nearest medical facility.

What to do with a fracture in a child

The rules of first aid to help children are similar to those described above. A detailed video-instruction for helping a child, like a broken brush, is shown below:

In view of the timing and quality of the first medical aid in case of a fracture, it is too rich to lie down. The tactic is wrong, otherwise, in the wake of її in the daytime, you can make a person disabled, permanently put him on a likarnian lightly, and sometimes bring him to death. Having pressed the pershu to help with the evil of brushes, you will give the people a great chance on the swede, and the smut - outwardly dressed.

Bozbey Gennadiy Andriyovich, physician of the Swedish Medical Assistance

Damage to the integrity of the cystic tissue, which is due to mechanical damage to it. Most often, it is felt after a recent fall and a blow. Come in first medical help can change in the fallacy in terms of localization and type of fracture. For the sake of statistics, you know about the peculiarities of the first aid, and about those who do not work well.

Before the complex of the first entrances of the obov'yazkovo, it is necessary to enter the restoration of the integrity of the cyst, the hemorrhage, the immobilization of the tip, and the application of the aseptic bandage. It is important to remember that doctors can give special help, that it is necessary to call for help, or to transport the victim to a medical mortgage.

A leading symptom for fractures of all types and localization is the development of a pronounced pain syndrome in the area of the rupture of the vein, which is signifi- cantly felt when you try to turn your hand or foot. Also, a possible development of bleeding, syncope, hematoma and swelling. If you show damage to the integrity of the cyst, they are substantiated by the validity of that repair. The appearance of crepitation (crunching of the ulamkіv of the brush), the appearance of pathological frilliness in the affected area and the change of її rozmіrіv are brought to the first category. The appearance of local sickness, which is due to palpation, is also included in another category, as well as the intensity can be increased with axial pressure, deformation of the brushes, damage to the friability of the kink in the hematoma, development.

General principles of diagnostics

If a fracture of the cyst is suspected (independently due to its localization), radiography is required in a direct and lateral projection to confirm damage to the integrity of the cyst.

However, one of the important parts of the diagnosis is the choice of anamnesis, wine allows us to determine the nature of the traumatic factor on the body of the victim, the place of the disease is too thin. In complex situations, computer tomography is used.

Experience

Under the hour of the patient's examination, the patient is instructed to fix the injury. Tsya _information will help you to accurately insert the place of the poshkodzhennya. Seeing her, see her, come in, so that the first medical help is coming.

Physical look

The patient is asked to take a detailed look at bleeding and other injuries. If the integrity of the cyst is damaged, it is necessary to check the pulse and sensitivity by stretching the mustache of the hand and the foot. Patients in a stupor will require special respect, or they will be restless under the influence of alcoholic, narcotic speeches.

Deformation of the tip, swelling and swelling in the area of injury, crepitation of the ulama of the cyst, hematoma and bleeding are the main signs of a fracture.

In order to make a change in the face of a slaughter, it is necessary to pay attention to the sprat of key moments:

zabіy is less of a soft fabric, and in case of a fracture, the integrity of the brush is broken;
in case of poshkodzhennі soft fabrics were gradually changed, and in case of fractures, it was necessary to do it for a long time;
if two injuries are accompanied by similar symptoms, it is more likely to trust fakhivtsev to differentiate them;
the fracture is characterized by the appearance of an unnatural stasis of the kіntsіvki and a decrease in the normal obsyagu ruhіv;
in a typical case, the crunchiness of the cyst (crepitation) can be confirmed by a fracture;
treatment of downtrodden places can be carried out without medical assistance, and for the rehabilitation of patients with a fracture, immobilization is obov'yazkovoy.

How to give pershu help with fractures of the kintsivok

The first stage at the top of the pre-carriage medical aid is the immobilization of the poshkogenoy kіntsіvka (transmission of the irritability) and the delivery to the medical mortgage. For vikonannya іmmobilіlіzії іt ії need tο hаνе tο kіlkom wіth simple rules:

it is not necessary to make a straightening of the kinks, or else to give a physiological position, which can lead to secondary damage to the soft tissues and the development of pain shock in the patient;
if the victim has a fracture and wounds in the bones of the hand, then it is not necessary to reposition them in soft tissues. With such a visual fracture, it is important to take into account the bleeding and immobilization of the patient in that position, in which wine is known;
it is necessary to take care of independent transportation of a patient with multiple injuries, and to cause fractures of the bones of the ridge, pelvis. The delivery of a patient to a medical mortgage can be taken up by less than a doctor;
with the development of an intense pain syndrome in a patient, it is possible to give it an anesthetic. The best speed is analgin, paracetamol, ibuprofen, and so on.
if the weather has become in the cold season of fate, then the next step, so that the sufferers are not overcooled. It’s best to light up a little potion with warm clothes or a carpet, and give the patient a hot drink.

The pearl of the upper kintsivok

Immobilization of the upper tip in case of a fracture is a manipulation, for the help of which it is possible to reduce the damage and avoid further trauma to the soft tissues with the brushes of the brush, which are found to be chipped. For fixing at a fixed position, it is better to win the tires, as if they were leaning on the floor of the foot. For example, a piece of plywood, a club, a piece of doshka, etc. The tire can be fastened with some kind of tight, bandage, belt, servette, scarf.

The correct algorithm is:

For the cob, it is necessary to determine the severity of the injury and the localization of the fracture.
When poshkodzhennі kіstkoy soft tissue next zupinity bleeding.
Transportation of the injured person from the place (as it is not safe there) to the place, where you can take the guard for help, or you can move directly to the medical mortgage.

When the integrity of the cysts is damaged, the pelvis and the ridge of the injured were moved. In the case of certificates, it is only possible to send a call to the door, I will help to inform you about those that have happened.

It is necessary to make contact with the sufferer and to make it easy, so that you can calm down and not fall into hysterics. You can drink water.
If so, it is necessary to add a handy zasib for the application of a tire and an unruly kіntsіvka in two summіzhny swags.
For a miserable pain, like a compress pidide, a dance is cold or ice.

After scoping all the above descriptions, we will need to be patient until the very arrival of the paramedic, or independently accompany yoga to the hospital for minor injuries.

Fracture of the lower limbs

In the middle of fractures of the bones, the most common is the damage to the integrity of the bones. After an injury, there is a sudden increase in symptoms and an increase in the intensity of the pain syndrome.

If it is necessary to put on the right foot of the right position, taking it in front of the injured person. For the immobilization of the tincture, it is possible to use vicorist, whether it be handy materials, for the help of which you can fix the tincture in two swamps: pelvis and kolіnny or kolіnny and homilkovostopny. In case of a knee fracture, as a rule, there is a pronounced deformity of the kink and significant soreness, to which the first medical aid should not help to bend the leg by force. Lay down the victim on a flat surface and fix the leg. For added comfort, you can put a dovkola of a soft cloth in a blanket or a bulky robe.

A pearl for the misplaced

If there are obvious signs of a fracture, it is necessary for the victim to worry about the correct application of the first medical aid.

When, as a rule, bleeding develops, for their teeth it is better to use an aseptic bandage.
Disease. With the development of a pronounced pain syndrome, the next step is to use analgesics. Before cym it is necessary to check with a patient who is able to develop an allergic reaction.
Zneruhomlennya. Poshkodzhena kіntsіvka owe buti in a calm and to that camp, in which you have shown. Do not transport the patient for splinting.
Tire patch. For whom it is possible to victorious, whether it be handy materials: a needle, a chick, a mop, or whether it be another hard equal object. If necessary, the tire should be bent or shortened, so that it would maximally fit the shape of the ending and its position. The tire, as a rule, is put on top of the robe and fastened with a bandage, a scarf, a scarf, etc. Bandaging can be done from the periphery to the center, from the bottom uphill. With immobilization of kintsivka, you can tie a kosinkovu bandage. For the width of the splint, the upper tip is bandaged to the toe, and the lower tip is bandaged to healthy.

Even though among the handy materials it was not possible to know the tire, you can bandage the tincture to the top of the coat.

In order to make it possible for the kencivka to be unruly, it is necessary to obov'yazkovo bury two driftwood: one is upper-lying, and the other is lower-lying. In case of suspected development of kintsivka, it may be more fixed in all three of the swollen areas.

Why can't you work

In order not to harm the victim, follow the following steps to attack offensive manipulations:

not varto magatisya virivnjuvat kіstka, but zamagatisya zashtovhuvati її in the middle, as if out there, or її fragments look at the names;
it is not necessary to deliver the victim to the emergency room, but to provide assistance according to the principle of “necessary to move”, this transportation can be maximally dbailivim. On the right, in that, as soon as possible, the camp of the patient could die and take away the broken fragments of the brush;
varto utrimatisya try to give analgesics or water to the patient, who is resting in an inconspicuous state, shards of wine can suffocate;
Ignore the symptoms of fractures, as if they were described more than that, everything will go away by itself. If a person does not have a life of important organs, it will require a detailed medical treatment. Stiffness of the nerves may cause overgrowth in damage to the fragility of the veins or the appearance of chronic pain.

Video on the topic of articles

Nadannya first medical help in case of evil to the victim is an important step. It is the responsibility of the battalion about the safety of the patient, the stabilization of the patient, the pain relief, the laying on of a tire, the transportation to the liquor mortgage, or just getting help, as a bula negligently viklikana after the victim was identified. І in case of severe fractures, it is important to pay attention to the bleeding and stabilization of hemodynamics. Always support the victim, help him not to fall into hysterics, help him to save him a stable camp.

For statistics, in practice, a person's skin, if only once in life, would collide with such an injury, like a fracture. In the Happy States of America, nearly seven million vipads are registered today, in Russia - a total of nine million. Given the pathology, most of the time people are turned to traumatologists, and in the period of holy days, the number of patients grows even more: unbelievable camps provoke vivihi, fractures of the kіntsіvok. The first help in this situation may not be less than to make it possible to make things more comfortable, and to vryatuvat people's lives.

The most widespread causes of fractures

The reason for the fracture of the kintsivok, as a rule, is a trauma, which is a callous diy, as if for an effort, the mіtsnіst of the hand of the brush is shifted, on which it is straightened out. Some of the fractures are due to the consequences of a disease: the integrity of the cyst can be broken even without a swell, and only through the pathological weakness of the cystic tissue. Pathological fractures can be due to tuberculosis of the bones, severe osteoporosis, oncological disease (expansion of metastasis or non-medial localization of malignant neoplasm in the bone tissue) or myeloma.

Brief statistics on the cost of bone tissue

Most often, fractures occur in young people and young people. Representatives of a strong state work on virobnitstvah, de є risik otrimati trauma, more often live in alcoholic drinks, which causes drunkards and water in an unsteady state, love extreme sports. In most cases, people have dislocations and fractures of the kinks (the first help when it can be pressed negatively), ribs and brushes of the facial cranium.

In women, through osteoporosis, which develops over the course of a century, the risk of injury grows up to 45-50 years. Crim menopause, not a safe period - vagity and breastfeeding, if the body recognizes a calcium deficiency, the center of gravity is shifted, and visibility is surrounded by a large belly.

Widespread such injuries in the child's head. Before fractures, up to 20% of all stools in children fall, as by their nature they are active, diyal and drinkable.

Classification of fractures of kintsivok

The first aid in case of fractures of the kintsivok is rich in why the nature of ushkodzhennya lies. Є kіlka kіlka kіlka іv podіlu fractures per group:

Vnaslidok viniknennya: traumatic (the cause was the disease) or pathological (fracture was joined by internal factors: aggravation of chronic illnesses, deficiency of singing vitamins and minerals)
According to severity: distinguish between fractures and misalignments, if fragments of the cyst can injure the necessary tissues, or without usunennia, as if the cysts are used up for help, m'yaziv that tendon. Viriznyayut sche and uneven fractures, yakі call chips and cracks.
Due to the integrity of the outer crooks: for a severe fracture, a superficial wound is characteristic, however, with a closed cuff, the brushes do not reappear from the outer middle.
Behind the form, that is directly ushkodzhennya: gvintopodibnі, straight, late, oblique and transverse fractures.

First order diy

Likewise, fractures of the kіstok kіntsіvok are trapping, the first help allows you to reduce the mood of their complications, and in such situations to bring about the improvement of life. Golovnya, so that all the visits were carried out correctly that hourly.

The first help in case of fractures includes a number of approaches, directing to a specific type of fracture (dії people, who need help do it, to fight depending on what happens to the mother on the right - from a sudden fracture or a closed fracture, which is a concomitant trauma and pain shock) that helplessly needed help. After all, take the victim to the hospital, or secure the arrival of the doctors at the place of the podia.

How do you hope first help with fractures of the ends? At the infamous looking nadannya help zdіysnyuєtsya such a rank:

I should give an objective assessment of the victim, reconcile with the apparent fracture and signify a further order of action. The first aid in case of fractures of the kinks is carried out only in that case, as the patient is already safe.
As a patient, unobtrusive and not dying, we are the next to carry out resuscitation, come in and bring yoga to you.
In case of severe fractures, it is necessary to bleed the back of the head and treat the wound with an antiseptic to prevent infection, if possible, apply a sterile bandage.
Likewise, medicines that can relieve pain from a random drug, including an injection of ketorolac (1 ampoule), novocaine (5 ml) or another type of infection.
It is necessary to immobilize the kіntsіvka and call "shvidka". In certain cases, it is allowed to independently deliver the victim to a medical mortgage.

Symptoms and signs of a fracture of the kintsivok

The first help in case of fractures of the kintsіvok is hoped, but only if you have changed, that the patient took away the fracture itself, and not the other damage. So, the absolute signs of a fracture of the end are:

visible deformation poshkodzhennoy dolyanki;
in deyaky vipadkah - impossibility to move;
increased sluggishness, unnatural camping of the arm/leg (otherwise, their landscaping);
a superficial wound and a visible cystic ridge in case of a severe fracture;
characteristic crunch at the moment of impact.

Visible signs of a fracture, such as symptoms, which in some cases can accompany other complications, є:

soreness in poshkodzhenіy dilyantsі, yak posilyuєєєєєєєє pіd hour Rukh;
hematoma;
swelling and swelling in the area of injury, which may develop already after 15 quills after the fracture;
exchange of friability, poshkodzhena kіntsіvka, sound, not functioning zovsіm chi chastkovo.

Estimate I will become a victim

The first help in case of the broken evil of the kіntsіvka, closed poshkodzhenni, cracks or other injuries, it gives a look at the victim, an assessment of the state of the situation near the city of death. Even though it’s still unsafe, we’ll have to evacuate people from a safe place and then we’ll get down to business

It is necessary to take a look at the patient’s presence of additional symptoms, bleeding, potential injuries, to reconsider the main indicators of life important functions: the presence and frequency of the pulse and breathlessness, the ability to respond to external factors (light, sound). As a person, he tries to get in touch with the witness, to establish contact with the victims, to learn about the scars, to localize and character of the pain sensations.

What is important, it is unacceptable to move the injured person without extreme need and without putting transport tires on a bad end.

Nesvidomy camp of the victim

The first aid in case of fractures of the kintsivok is the transfer of a person brought to you at the time of resuscitation and resuscitation visits at times of need. So, to ensure the victim is calm and try to bring the person to you for additional stimuli - splashing on the cheeks, cold water or cotton wool soaked in ammonia and brought up to the nose.

Resuscitation come in

If there is no breath, then there is no pulse, it is necessary to work piecewise breath and heart massage. For a successful resuscitation approach, patients may lie on a hard surface. With one hand, take hold of the board, with the other hand squeeze it. The head of the victim is lightly thrown back, the mouth can be opened. Lyudina, who hopes to help, rob a deep breath, and then a smooth sight, smartly shoveling the victim's company. Pieces of food are guiltily carried out through a servette or a special attachment. We saw at the mouth of the victim a trace of skin dread for a second until the restoration of independent breathing.

It is carried out in this rank: a person, as if I hope to help you, let your hands criss-cross on the chests of the victim and rob the onslaught (the breast is guilty to sink a couple of five centimeters). It will take 30 shipments, and then change the compression to the ventilation leg. carried out at spіvvіdnoshnі thirty poshtovhіv up to two breaths.

Traumatic shock: order diy

In case of a traumatic injury, the first aid in case of (like and upper) transfer of a bleeding bleed, safety of comfortable minds (for example, in the cold, cover a person in order to avoid frostbite), that is the most obvious medical aid in the minds of a hospital. There are no fractures of the lower limbs, the legs were raised by 15-30 centimeters.

Zupinka bleeding and wound wound

First aid in case of bleeding, transferring a bit of bleeding and wound healing. In the first place, the next thing to do is to put on the correct position and to wear the clothes, so it’s like a snag, it’s growing, it’s possible, it’s possible, it won’t let you grow. Then, it is necessary to apply a tourniquet or a tight bandage on the wound (sterile sterile) and dress the edges of the soft skin coverings with a disinfectant method. Obov'yazkovo sled write down the exact hour of application of the bandage.

You can give the patient an analgesic to relieve pain. Take analgin, paracetamol, "Nurofen", "Ketorol" and similar. At different hospitals, for the needs, they can stop and strong, narcotic painkillers. These are known to be "Fentanil", "Nalbuphine" or "Promedrol".

Immobilization

The first aid in case of fractures of the kіntsіvok is the transfer of immobilization of the poshkodzhenої dіlyanka of the cyst. The inviolability of the ending can be secured with a dekilkom in the following ways: tying up the loose lower ending with a healthy one, fixing it with manual methods, bandaging up to the toulub. Even though there is no possibility of securing transport immobilization with special tires, you can beat any flat solid object. Fix your arm and leg in a normal physiological position. Obov'yazkovo is necessary to put between a tire and a cotton-gauze pad.

In case of immobilization, the next rule was to protect the sprat:

the tire is to blame for the wear and tear of at least two snowdrifts, to turn off the additional damage to the soft fabrics with brushes;
rozmir fixing the tire is to blame buti povnyanny z poshkodzhenoyu area;
neruhomlennya carried out, as a rule, over the robe and vzuttya, prote varto removal from the victim volume of speech;
the first aid in case of fractures of the upper ends (like the lower ones) is hoped for by a helper.

After carrying out all the necessary visits to help the Dolkarskoy to help obov'yazkovo sled vyklikati "shvidka". The victim needs a qualified medical help and a watchful eye.

Fracture - tse povne or chastkove damage to the integrity of the cyst under the influx of pressure, which outweighs the bone. Vіn can appear as a result of injuries, and also on aphids of various ailments, with which the characteristics of the bone minerality change.

Traumatic fractures of the bones can be severe and closed. In case of closed injuries, the shkirnі skіrnі zakryshayutsya tsіlimi, in vіdkritih - the integrity of the shkіrіrіє, i vykaє contact mіstsya zlamu іz navkolishnіm sredovischem.

Signs and symptoms

Even though a fracture is visible with an invisible eye, the sign of closed injuries sometimes causes difficulties. Especially as the brush cracked, otherwise I won’t break it.

Use a number of signs that indicate a fracture:

acute pain syndrome at the time of injury and after it. The bіl grows in case of any kind of disruption and opportunism;
visual deformation and unnatural position of the ending, її shortened;
pathological fragility - the impossibility of zdіysnyuvat zvichnі ruhi chi, navpaki, not powerful kіncіvki ruhlivіst;
appearing in a rush, hematomas and injuries.

The first aid in case of fractures is rich, which is the reason for its result and influencing the swelling of the growth of the bones, favoring the development of smoothness in the appearance of bleeding, the displacement of the cystic ulamkіv and the damage of the vessels and nerves with the sharp edges. Zavdyaki correct sequence can be ahead of post-traumatic shock.

The first dolikarska dopomog maє kіlka tsіley:

immobilization - the creation of non-irritability of the cysts at the site of the fracture;
a bit of bleeding, like a won;
antiseptic treatment of the wound for її presence;
shvidke that dbaylive transportation of the victim to the medical mortgage.

closed type

It is necessary for us to call for help, then we will ensure the integrity of the injured part of the body. As the kіntsіvka suffered, next place it on the pillow. Before the injury, it is necessary to apply cold - pidide, for example, ice from the freezer or a package from frozen products. Lіd or a package of obov'yazkovo is wrapped with a towel or cloth, to avoid frostbite. Injured people can be given warm tea or an analgesic drink.

In case of self-transportation, it is necessary to lay a tire with any handy materials - boards, cardboard, lizh, lizhny tsipkiv. The timing splint can be built from a standard parasol, especially as it is simply foldable and not automatic.

The first aid in case of fractures is composed of a total of three parts - sickness, pain relief and transportation.

Two solid objects of the song's back are applied to the tip from two sides and bandaged tightly, but not tight, so as not to damage the blood circulation. For the width of the bandage or the bandage, the tire is tied with a belt, a stitch, a skein or a belt.

For correct fixation, it is necessary to make two snowdrifts - higher and lower, a place of evil. For example, as if a person broke a gomilka, immobilizes (is unruly) knee and gomilkovostop. Fracture of the stegna vmagaє fixation of all suglobiv stegna.

In case of fracture of the tassel, only a homilk-foot lump is fixed in a physiologically viable position, if a straight kut is established between the foot of that homilk.

At the extreme point, if there are no suitable objects under the hand, tie the broken leg to the healthy leg, and the hand to the coat.

The transportation of a sick person with a broken leg is carried out in a lying position, the end is injured, ideally it can be taken.

Open type

There is no help in case of severe fractures, it starts from a bleeding spot, but it won't. With a small amount of blood loss, a bandage is enough to put pressure on. Bleeding is strong due to the twisting of the jgut, moreover, remember the hour of yoga overlay. It’s important at times of distant roads, if you happen to carry an ailing person over the year. The skin pіvgodini jgut needs to be loosened for 4-5 strands.

Shkir is soon treated with an antiseptic - green iodine. For the presence of any kind of face, the wound is simply covered with a clean cloth or a bandage. Farther, a splint is applied like in case of a closed fracture, but to fight carefully, bypassing the place with brush tricks to wash. Patients are delivered to the hospital or emergency room.

It is not possible to work with a fracture: it is self-defended to “put a brush on the spot” and carry an injured person without putting on a tire!

Varto also means that the critical fracture is unsafe for closure, shards are a risk of infection of the wound.

How to hope for help with a broken leg

The first aid in case of a leg fracture includes immobilization for an additional splint, a bleeding bleed and an antiseptic treatment of the wound (for example, an open fracture). Jgut for the need to impose more wounds, which help to inflict blood loss.

Strong pain can be relieved by taking an analgesic tablet such as a non-steroidal antiseptic drug such as Diclofenac and Ibuprofen.

Fracture nіg є with a wide type of fracture and traplyayutsya in people of different age. Most often the cause is a fall from a great height, a strong blow from a road accident. Athletes overcome fractures due to high physical strength, children - through their frailty, and people of a frail age often suffer from such injuries due to a natural decrease in bone density.

Significantly, that the leg is broken, it is possible for the onset of symptoms:

the form of the ending has changed;
in case of ruhs, it sounds like a crackle - crepitation - as you can a little or a little bit on a dotik;
the leg is unnaturally bent or strongly bent;
in case of severe injuries, fragments of cysts are visible in the wound.

The pain syndrome is aggravated by the movement and the axial thrust, it is impossible to stand on the foot. Step by step, swelling develops, blue breeze settles down. With great poshkodzhennya possible traumatic shock: a person’s lower back underestimates the severity of injuries, he is overexcited and pale, she has a frequent heart rhythm, the breath becomes more frequent.

The arterial pressure may rise, but most of the time the veins decrease. Step by step, the awakening is changed by the whiteness and galvanism, the exchange is changing, that it is water-creaming, it is blamed for the help and dryness of the mouth. Important changes do not include insomnia and impaired dichal function.

How to give help in case of injury to the leg

Most often, such an injury is taken away by people of a frail age, which is connected with age-old changes in the bone tissue and the peculiarities of being given a brush. The quilt is folded from the body, neck and head, and a weak neck in this system is a thin neck. In the greater vipadkіv, the very same breaks, more easily, fractures occur in the region of the great horn and virostkіv.

Although the symptoms of an open fracture may be already obvious, then closing the injury is difficult. Turn back your respect and show it like this:

a strong pain in the stegni, which grows when trying to bend and lift your leg uphill;
ruhati kіntsіvkoy more importantly chi zovsіm impossibly;
the leg has become visually short, the shape is unnatural;
at dilyantsі stegna posterіgaetsya pathological fragility;
the color of the lower sashes of the legs changed and sensitivity decreased;
Swidko zbіlshuєtsya nabryak and / or hematoma in the mist poshkodzhennya.

Fracture of the stem is a serious injury, as it often gives a complication. There are a lot of great vessels and nervous stovburs near this gallus, which can lead to massive bleeding, damage to the ruined building and decreased sensitivity.

The cream of this, the stegnova cyst rises to long tubular brushes, in the center of which there is a yellow cystic brain. Damaged integrity can lead to the consumption of particles of fat in the bloodstream, which, at its core, can end in a blockage (embolism) of the legenous artery.

In some cases, an ischemic stroke or myocardial infarction develops. With a massive fat embolism, there is a high risk of death, it is even more important for you to immediately visit the emergency department for help.

Immobilization in case of a fracture of the leg is best to use for the help of the tire of Diterichs, it is allowed to use handy materials and fix the leg with planks from two opposite sides.

The bus of Diterikhs is the most effective attachment for immobilization of the leg in case of fracture of the leg.

If it is necessary to carry the victim far away, it is necessary to add a third tire (you can use it).

Nebkhіdno znerukhomiti all three sugloby - tazostegnovy, kolіnny i homіlkovostopny. It cannot be assumed that the bus was on the road and the brushes that protrude. І sche kіlka rules:

you can’t walk and find yourself in contact with the wounded wound;
it is impossible to tightly tie the splint, so as not to damage the blood supply to that innervation. It is also important to periodically review, if the color of the leg is not changed, if there is no name, and if necessary, loosen the bandage;
it is not possible to fix the tire too weakly;
the foot should be slid into the position with a straight cut to the hoof, otherwise it will sag, so that you can call out the replacement of the brush ulamkiv;
under the tire next lay a soft pad, to prevent the formation of bedsores, especially near the zone of snow;
fights to pull and squeeze by the leg, “setting” the broken brush in such a rank.

UVAGA: to those who give me help, it’s more important to save that cold-bloodedness.

How to help with a broken arm

The first medical aid in case of injury of the upper end may not be treated like this in case of minor injury. Naygolovnіshe - correctly and swiftly unruly the hand, so as the call of the building to turn the closing of the fracture into an open one.

The method of immobilization of the hand of the descriptions is greater - before it, from two sides, wooden planks or pieces of long plywood are attached. Like an unfortunate vapadok standing at a private booth, for tires you can take tree twigs.

In case of a fracture of the humeral brush, one plank is placed in the shoulder, and the other is placed in parallel in front of the shoulder. Kіntsіvka zakryplyuєєtsya in zіgnutom pіd іn a straight kutom position, zastosovuєtsya kosinkov's bandage.

It is even easier to make a bandage-kosinu: whether the fabric is folded diagonally and wrapped around the front. Whenever the hand is in front of the chest, it is bent at the elbow under a straight kut. Dali kіntsi kosinki wind up for a neck and tie up. In order to prevent the usunennia of the cystic ulamkiv, the edges of the bandage should be tied tighter.

DOVIDKA: transportation of the victim with a broken arm is required in a sitting position.

The width of fractures of the shoulder becomes approximately 7% in the case of a large number of ears, so that the shoulder brushes break even more often. Such an injury is accompanied by sharp pain sensations, swelling and obvious shortening of the arm. The hands are intermingled, with occasional nervous stovburivs, one does not dare to turn one's fingers, or clench the hand at the fist.

Kosinkovі bandages є by the universal method of restoring traumatized hands

For the obviousness of the ulamkiv, one can feel the scraping of fragments of brushes. A fracture of the shoulder can be aggravated by bloody in the loam: as the cyst is broken closer to the elbow, the blood is stingy in the lobe of the loin. In times of damage to the integrity of the cyst at the proximal vein, the blood wiggles at the shoulder loin.

You can not forget about the moral camp of the sick. Next, if you can, calm down yoga, give an analgesic pill, and if necessary, then suggest Valocordin chi Cordiamin.

DOVIDKA Cordiamin is an analeptic (Greek: analeptikos - restorative), which will be corny, as the victim has signs of post-traumatic shock.

In case of fractures of the arm, that shoulder is protected by pulling or pulling on the arm, trying to put the brushes at the right position.

Cho robiti, yakscho zlamany ridge

Similar injuries can be severe and can become a threat to the life of the victim. It is necessary to clear the body and fix it in one position.

As it appeared, that the ridge of evil, the sequence will be like this:

The person is carefully lifted up and transferred to the surface, whether it be a soft surface, a couch, even a bed. Robiti tse mayut kіlka people, bazhano three or four. Even more importantly, the uzgodzhenistvo of diy pomіchnіv, rivki and rіzkі ruhi are not allowed.
Ailments lie on your back, tie yoga with belts, skeins, and bandages, so that the use of brush ulamkivs will disappear.
Lay a person on a stretcher as soon as they are down, then they are alive, but if they suspect a fracture of the neck, they should lie on their backs.
Like signs of a fracture of the pelvic cysts, the legs are laid out like a toad.

DOVIDKA: without hospitality, it is impossible to transfer people. These functions should be trusted to physicians. Vinyatok to become an emergency, if the lack of a house with an injury threatens life - for example, for an hour after an earthworm.

In case of fractures of the cervical ridges, it is necessary to build a strong and high ridge for fixation of the neck. For this purpose, a towel, gauze or fabric, cotton wool is rolled into a yak with a ball of 2-3 cm. The width of the room is due to the height of the neck. To creak it, you can vicorate Velcro, stationery violins, zatiskachi and other.

Transportation of the victim with a fracture of the cervical ridges - this is an even more serious journey, for which at least 3 individuals are required

Like a person lying on his back, the commander can’t get up, the shards of yoga can’t be ruined. At the same time, under the roof, a folded sprat of a ball towel or other fabric is used. Then, from the towel or gauze, two rollers are twisted and spread out from the sides of the head. So that they don’t stink, you can put a charge on the rollers of books and other important items.

Most important

In most cases, eyewitnesses fail to gain special knowledge, and when given the first help, they make gross mistakes. Wrong actions can stretch out the hour of renewal, and in the worst of times - damage the suffering life.

In case of fractures of the ends and other parts of the body, it is not possible:

godavati chi to scare people, krіm vipadkіv prophylaxis of traumatic shock;
namagatisya straighten your arm and leg primusovo;
in case of severe fracture, the wounds are removed from the wound;
without extreme necessity to move the injured person or change the position of the damaged part of the body;
pour iodine, brilliant green and other antiseptics directly into the wound: stench can cause pain shock;
zastosovuvat brudni perev'yazuvalnі materials.

About come in before the pain shock and tell the medical team that you arrived. Information about the patient taking analgesics, or alcohol can be corianic, which means that you need to have a rough anesthesia for a little more exaltation.

The first help in case of fractures of the kinksіvki may be on the removal of obov'yazkove nahozhdzhennya of the victim in bed and lying down and immobilization. As if the leg suffered, they loosen up the clothes, put on a splint, fix the area at the unbreakable camp. For the obviousness of the wound, the dressing should be treated with an antiseptic, a clean bandage is applied over the ear. Severe pains are used by pain-inducing diseases.

The upper tips are fixed with a bandage. Just like a shoulder pad, two tires are placed on both sides of the shoulder. To prevent the development of hematomas, cold is applied to the affected area. When you see evil, it is necessary to bleed for additional tourniquet. Bandage the wound. The sick man is given a recumbent camp with a lightly lifted head.

Injury of the lower limb is common. The first dolіkarska dopomog in case of a broken leg is helping to ensure that the patient is in the supine position, and then put a splint on the injured leg or, through the daytime, tie it to a non-shocked wound and ensure peace of mind. After that, the following sequence is to be carried out:

Allow the damaged part of the body to be worn out, put the injured person on the surface, secure the position of the injured leg and hand.
It is necessary to carry out obov'yazkovy immobilization in case of fractures. Zneruhomiti suffered a kіntsіvku by the method of laying tires or other object, which is known by hand.
If there is a fracture of the wound, it is important to prevent infection, so the wound must be washed with an antiseptic, and a sterile bandage should be applied to it.
When you use the information and the vitality of the pulse, it is necessary to go in, directing the person to turn to life. If the pulse is missed, if the person is unobtrusive, then it is necessary to bring it to you.
With severe ailing symptoms, you can get pain relief for the help of pain-relieving drugs, such as Analgin, Ketanov, Nurofen.

vidi

Before applying the first medical aid in case of fractures of the kintsivok, it is necessary to treat the main symptoms, which confirm that the damage to the integrity of the cyst has been established. Before them, one can see the deformation of the tip, the loss of the rukhovo function, swelling and swelling in traumatized areas, the characteristic crackling of the affected part of the body, a strong pain syndrome. It is still impossible to determine whether a fracture or another injury, it is necessary to follow the rules that should be followed up to a fracture of the end.

For any kind of mood, it’s necessary to have a good kncivka. Immobilization is carried out from the slips of the Cramer transport tire. As well as special transport tires, you can put boards, cardboard, a parasol, or other supporting material.

Carrying out the first medical assistance in case of fractures of the tip, depending on the nature of the disease, the degree of severity includes a complex of offensive actions:

There is no help in case of injuries of the upper lacerations of the field, in the case of safe total restlessness of the injured hand and fixation with a bandage of the injured laceration to the coat. In case of earache of the shoulder joint, fixation should be carried out with two tires. One of them should be bandaged with a bandage of the shoulder, the other - from the groin to the elbows. If there wasn’t a special splint under my hand, then I’ll bend my hand to put it on the plaid, kindly bandage it to the coat. Transportation of the victim should be carried out in a sitting position. In order to avoid hematoma, swelling, reduce pain, apply ice or a cold compress to the injured area. It is important to keep the sick person calm, you can give the drug with a calming effect. In case of a strong pain sensation, an analgesic visit should be carried out.
The first aid in case of injuries of the lower limb can be applied from the safety of a completely calm eared leg. Immobilization requires only one drift, which is more likely to be fractured to another, which is lower than the traumatization. Poshkodzhenu leg to fix, tying її to a healthy kintsіvki. As if having made a mess, then put a bandage bandage on the new one.

Korisno also know and how to give.

First aid for closed fractures

In case of a closed fracture of the leg, the first dolkarskaya help helps to bleed at the teeth, as it can accompany such an injury. Zneruhomiti ulamki brushes by the method of applying a fixing splint. Apply the tire as needed higher than the lower segment. As if the injured carriage had hid itself in the shoulder padding of that shoulder, then the unruliness of the three suglobs was taken care of. In case of closed evil, it is also important to apply ice and give a drug that will relieve the pain. Carry out the transportation of the victim to the emergency department of traumatology. Unsafe injury - damage to the integrity of the foot. When given the first medical assistance, it is necessary to carry out fixation of the foot with the help of special bandages. For which they impose a small object, attach it with plaster and fix it with a hand finger.

First aid for severe fractures

A critical fracture is one of the most widespread and serious injuries, which means a negaic cob of healing. The first medical aid in case of fractures of the kinks in the case of a negaine bleed is bleeding, so that a strong blood loss is avoided. It is necessary to treat the wound on the back with an antiseptic, as if yoga did not show up under the hand, then you can close it with some kind of natural material. In case of arterial bleeding, a blood spinal tourniquet is used, and the force of constriction is constantly regulated. If you are bleeding in a mild form, it will be sufficient to provide shelter for the additional application of a tight bandage bandage, or simply bandage the wound.

Offensive manipulation for the obviousness of a broken fracture of the rupture and the application of a splint to create unruliness. Hand lay the patient in the lying position with the head raised. Potim pіd lіktі and the lower tip is put on a soft object for relief, I will become a victim, for protection without a middle on the fracture site, they put a splint. In case of severe pain, the patient should be given an analgesic drug, and in case of post-traumatic shock, anti-shock therapy should be carried out. Applying ice and cold compress will reduce swelling and pain syndrome.

More core information about .

In case of a severe fracture of the leg, it is necessary to carry out fixation of the wounded wound, only after transporting the victim to the first-aid post. With increased blood consumption, a person can spend knowledge, it is important to know how to bring it to you.

In case of evil kіntsіvtsi, they defend themselves independently, set it and put a brush on the spot.