Closed-type scorching system in a private booth: see diagrams of the closed-type scorching system

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As a zamіsky budinok of repayments not only for the periodic arrival of their masters during the summer season, but on the trip or to get a permanent residence for them, then you can’t do without a scorching system. The cost of food should be carefully considered at the stage of designing the life and reconstruction, and is insured when buying a finished dwelling.

Tse power - Nadzvychaina sytuatsia seryozne scho vimagaє skrupuloznogo oblіku vsіh nayavnih minds: perіodіv maybutnoї ekspluatatsії budіvlі, klіmatichnogo belt mіstsevostі, nayavnіst lіnіy energopostachannya, іnzhenernih komunіkatsіy, Especially konstruktsії budіvlі, zagalnoї rozrahunkovoї vartostі realіzatsії of chi іnshogo project. Still, most often the masters of the living room come to the visnovka, so the best solution would be a closed-type water scorching system in a private booth.

This publication will be reviewed basic principles closed systems, її vydhilennya vіd critoї, іsnuyuchi perevagi and nayavnі nedolіki. Bude respect for the main elements of such a system with recommendations for their choice, a typical scheme for the development of a scorching internal lining is introduced.

Sadiba can be scorched differently.

From a long time ago, one or a spit of stoves (fireplaces) was the main source of heat, the skin of which scorched that other village of life. The shortcomings of such an approach are obvious - uneven heating, the need to conduct regular fires, keep warm during the process of burning.

More scorched - tse already "yesterday"

In Denmark, this kind of scorching is becoming more and more common, and as a rule - due to the absolute impossibility or total insufficiency of the stagnation of another, more efficient system.

The system of electric scorching from convectors or oil radiators is too expensive to operate due to the high price of electricity and the high water consumption.

True, there are alternative methods for looking at the smelting infrared elements, but the stench has not gained wide popularity yet.

Most of the masters of private houses are still sizzling on the water scorched. Tse - the effective system has been overestimated, so, to the point, it can be practical for use with other sources of energy - natural gas, a rare amount of solid fire, electrics, which instills total versatility - the difference is less in the type of heating boiler. Properly designed and correctly installed, the system of water scorching ensures an even distribution of heat in all areas, which makes it easy to regulate.

Not so long ago, the main scheme for organizing water scorching in a private booth was based on the gravitational principle of heat transfer through pipes and radiators. umovlyuє constantly viparovuvannya vodi, that is the reason for the need for constant control over the necessary equal.

The transfer of heat through the pipes is ensured in the course of the change in the thickness of the cold and hot water - the cold is pushing the hot water forward. To facilitate this process, a piece of pipe work is created on the entire stretch, otherwise the effect of hydrostatic pressure can be blamed.

At vіdkritu system it is possible to vrіzati і circulating pump - ce rіzko vіdnіme її її effektivnіst. The system of valves is transferred to this direction, so that it would be possible to switch from the primus circulation to the natural one back at the time of consumption, for example, in the event of interruptions in the supply of electricity.

The system of the closed type is secured in a different way. Replacement of the expansion tank on the pipe, a hermetic compensation tank of membrane or balloon type is installed. All thermal coliving of the volume of heat transfer of veins takes veins, sublimating in a closed system one equal to a vice.

The main feature of a closed system is the presence of a sealed expansion tank

AT Ninі tsya the system is the most popular;

Advantages and shortcomings of the closed type scorching system

Nasampered, there is no evaporation of heat transfer. Tse give one important thing - you can vicorate in this quality like water, and antifreeze. Also, it is possible to freeze the system during interruptions in operation, for example, for the need to deprive the booths for a trivalent term at the winter hour.
Compensation tank can be placed practically at any point of the system. Sound for a new place right in the boiler house, in the immediate vicinity of the heating appliance. Tsya ensures the compactness of the system. Expansion tank of the open type is often roztashovuyut at the most important point - on the non-salted mountain, which is the most important thing for obov'yazkovy yogo thermal insulation. A closed type system has no such problems.
Primus circulation in a closed type system is richer and safer for heating the room from the moment the boiler is started. There are a lot of non-necessary inputs of thermal energy in the area of expansion tank.
The system is breathable – it is possible to regulate the temperature of heating in a specific skin application, vibrating the deacons of a deep circuit.
There is no such significant difference in the temperature of heat transfer at the inlet and outlet - and it significantly promotes the terms of trouble-free operation of the property.
For the development of scorching, it is possible to vicorize pipes with a richly smaller diameter, lower in a critical system with natural circulation without any loss of heating efficiency. And tse - i znachne easing of installation work, i znachna ekonom_ya material zabіv.
The system is hermetic, and with the correct filling of the normal robotic valve system, it is simply not guilty to repeat it. Turn off the appearance of repeated traffic jams in pipelines and radiators. In addition, sour access is allowed to avenge at the window, preventing the corrosion processes from actively developing.

When the scorching system is closed, it is possible to turn on the “heat supply”

The system can be highly versatility: it is possible to connect hot water “heating supplies” to it, or attach it to the surface of the convectors. To such a scorching system, it is easy to connect a circuit for supplying water for auxiliary needs through an indirect heating boiler.

Nedolik_v in a closed system of scorching is not rich:

The expandable compensation tank is responsible for the larger volume, lower for the open system - due to the particularity of its internal design.
Obov'yazkova installation is required the so-called "security group"- Systems of outside valves.
The correct operation of the closed scorching system from the primus circulation is to be deposited in the absence of interruption in the supply of electricity. It is possible, obviously, to transfer, as in the case of an open type, a switch to natural circulation, but also to use a different pipe lining, which can bring a number of the main advantages of the system to zero (for example, turn off the heat pipes). In addition, the efficiency of heating will decrease sharply. That is why circulation is natural and can be seen, then it’s less like an emergency, and most of all, I plan to close the system and install the same pump station of the circulation pump.

The main elements of the closed type scorching system

From the same, to the warehouse of the scorching system of the closed type for a private booth, enter:

- opalyuvalny attachment - boiler;

- circulation pump;

- The system of pipes for the transfer of heat transfer;

- Expansion compensation tank of hermetic type;

- scorching radiators installed in the booths, or other heat transfer facilities (heating supplies or convectors);

- safety group - valve system povіtrovіdvіdnikіv;

- Required locking fittings;

- some types of add-ons for automatic control have that control that optimizes the operation of the system.

opaluvalny boiler

Biggest widen f. As if a gas main was laid to the booth, otherwise it is possible to lay it, most of the governments have no alternative to give priority to this method of heating the heat.

Gas boilers - the best solution, as well as the possibility of their installation

Gas boilers are equipped with a high KKD, ease of operation, reliability and economy in terms of payment for energy. Not much is the need to comply with the installation project with the relevant organizations, since such a system of scorching is presented with absolutely special security measures.

The versatility of gas boilers is already great - you can choose a sub-log or wall-mounted model, with one or two circuits, simple in the annex or with electronics, which can be connected to a stationary chimney or with a coaxial system for raising products.

Let them ring out in quiet minds, if the gas supply booth is impossible for any reason. Uzgodzhennya similar installation not vimagatime - smut, schob buli dotrimani vomogi electrical safety and the capacity of the boiler to the power of the electric fence. Podіbnі opalyuvalnі prislad vіdrіznyayut compactness, simplicity and zruchnіst regulation.

Behind the scorching systems with electric boilers, the reputation of being "uneconomical" has firmly established itself due to the high quality of electricity. It’s fair to say that it’s more often than not - modern electric opaluvalny fittings, new technologies for heating water, may have a higher KKD, and with a more insulated booth, it’s not the responsibility of tightening the budget.

Krіm znayomih vsіm kotlіv z TENami (yakі and і fіrdі not nadto ekonomіchnі), actively zastosovuyutsya suchasnі rozrobki.

"Battery" from three electric boilers

For example, they are wide-width, in which heating is built up for the shell of a changeable stream without intermediary through the heat-carrier (though here it will be necessary to specially select a chemical storage of water in the system). By themselves, such boilers are inexpensive, but there are problems with regulation.

Induction boiler - non-viable and economical

Enter the value that will be requested, and press the button "EXPAND"

Specify the pressure of the scorching pot

translate at wati

Specify the type of heat transfer devices

water heat capacity coefficient

water power

2. Another value is important - for example, drive, which is created by a pump. Vіn is responsible for ensuring the normal flow of the river on the be-yakіy dilyantsі of the system.

H = R × L × Zf

H- a pump required for the system, which is created by the pump.
R- opіr straight line of the chimney (Pa/m). For a large single-surface booth, it can be taken equal to 100÷150 Pa/m.
L- galna dozhina to the pipeline, with urakhuvannyam, including, і "return" pipes.
Zf- correction factor for moving the support at fittings, taps too. With different ball valves, the standard fittings can be taken as 1.3. If thermostatic regulators are vicorated by the scheme, then the coefficient of growth is up to 1.7.

We carry out re-roofing for the scorching system with the most famous bucket cranes and 80 m long pipes:

H = 150 × 80 × 1.3 = 15600 Pa

So, how do you call the value in the passports of the variables indicated in meters of water column, translated from a rozrahunka of 1 m? 10000 Pa. As a result, it is obvious that the minimum required pressure of the pump is due to 1.56 meters of water column.

Calculator for the cost of the necessary vice

Enter the data to be requested, and press the button "OPEN"

Specify the total length of the pipes of the circuits (supply + return)

Indicate the type of vicorated shut-off and control valves

Opir trumpet

Practice shows that it is easy to do it all the time, so it is recommended to choose a model with a reserve in the range of 10 ÷ 15% when the pump is loaded.

expansion tank

The main feature of the closed-type scorching system is the presence of a special expandable sealed tank. The sense of yoga roboti is simple - heating the water is accompanied by її extensions. Oskіlki rіdina є incompressible substance, їy nebhіdny dodatkovy obyag compensation expansion.

The tank is made up of two chambers - a water chamber and an insulated one, which is covered by a non-penetrating elastic membrane. The pressure at the back of the chamber is placed on the back in such a way that, when the system is replenished, a singing reserve of water is created and the hydrostatic balance is reached. When the heat transfer temperature rises and expands, the excess light begins to push through the membrane, changing the pressure on the inside of the chamber and moving it into a vice. When the temperature is lowered, a reverse process takes place - the pressure of the gas blows back at the pipe. In such a rank, with a properly lashed tank in be-yak_y mom NT VR immeni dorimuєtsya rіvnovagu vсієї systems.

Expansion tanks are released differently. Yaka is necessary for a particular system - it should be deposited depending on the number of parameters. The method of rozrahunka, as fahivtsy coryst, is foldable, but it sounds more like a scorching system in the form of a foldable system of singing with dekilkom contours and rozaluzhennyami. In the minds of an average-statistical booth with not too foldable divorces, an average value can be taken:

The volume of water expansion when heating water from 20 to 80º becomes close to 4 - 5%;
The necessary reserve of heat transfer can be created approximately in the same places;
Also, otrimuєmo 10% of the total obligation to complete the entire system.

Although an approximate project is assigned by the volume of the boiler, the type of radiators, the length of all pipelines, it is not easy to know the total volume of heat transfer, that h Please enter the required expansion of the expansion tank. For example, for a 200-liter opal system, a 20-liter tank will be required.

You can go to the right and in the right way, having checked the rozrahunok with additional formulas.

Vb = Vc × k / D

Vb-Robochiy obsyag razshiryuvalny tank;

Vc– scorching heat exchange at the scorching system;

k- Coefficient of volumetric expansion of heat transfer during heating (div. table)

The value of the coefficient of thermal expansion of heat transfer depending on the temperature and concentration of antifreeze additives:

Heat transfer temperature, °C	in the amount of glycol, % of total debt
	0	10	20	30	40	50	70	90
0	0.00013	0.0032	0.0064	0.0096	0.0128	0.016	0.0224	0.0288
10	0.00027	0.0034	0.0066	0.0098	0.013	0.0162	0.0226	0.029
20	0.00177	0.0048	0.008	0.0112	0.0144	0.0176	0.024	0.0304
30	0.00435	0.0074	0.0106	0.0138	0.017	0.0202	0.0266	0.033
40	0.0078	0.0109	0.0141	0.0173	0.0205	0.0237	0.0301	0.0365
50	0.0121	0.0151	0.0183	0.0215	0.0247	0.0279	0.0343	0.0407
60	0.0171	0.0201	0.0232	0.0263	0.0294	0.0325	0.0387	0.0449
70	0.0227	0.0258	0.0288	0.0318	0.0348	0.0378	0.0438	0.0498
80	0.029	0.032	0.0349	0.0378	0.0407	0.0436	0.0494	0.0552
90	0.0359	0.0389	0.0417	0.0445	0.0473	0.0501	0.0557	0.0613
100	0.0434	0.0465	0.0491	0.0517	0.0543	0.0569	0.0621	0.0729

D- Coefficient of expansion tank efficiency.

Zagalny obsyag system ( Vc) you can take it in this moment without a big mistake, like 15 liters per kilowatt of tension:

Value D(an indication of the efficiency of the expansion tank) is protected by the following formula:

D = (Qm - Qb) / (Qm + 1)

Qm- the maximum allowable pressure for the scorching system. On the new one, the safety group valve has been approved

Qb- The pressure of the forward pumping of the reversing chamber of the expansion tank - factory settings or with self-propelled pumping (sound to radiate 1.0 - 1.5 atmospheres).

Calculator for the expansion of the required volume of a hermetic expansion tank

Enter the value that will be requested, and then press the button "EXPAND"

Specify the passport pressure of the scorching boiler, kW

liters per kilowatt

Select from the table and enter the value of the coefficient of thermal expansion of heat transfer (from rounded to thousandths)

Enter the maximum pressure of the scorching system (exhaust valve activation threshold) Bar (atmospheres)

Specify the pressure of the front pumping of the inverted chamber of the expansion tank, Bar (atmospheres)

just alone

Video: attachment and principle of expansion tank of the scorching system

Heating radiators

The efficiency of the work of all systems of scorching to lie down and in the correctness of the choice and installation of radiators - the most important thing is to reduce the transfer of thermal energy from the circulating heat to the house.

Radiators - obov'yaskovі elements of the system of scorching booth

Іsnuє kіlka vidіv radiatorіv, kozhen z yakіh міє svіy nabrіr vаgіr і nedolіkіv:

Chavunni batteries of scorching, unimportant for their solid "life", are already filled with demands even in our days. The stench is suitable for any kind of scorching systems, to make a garne of heat supply, it is super-masive and does not always fit well into the interior. Іsnuyut і pevnі slаdnоshchі z exact regulation of the system through high thermal inertness of chavunny radiators.
Steel radiators vіdrіznyaє low price and raznomanіtnіst zvnіshnogo zadnіshnya - stench buvayut chi trumpets. Headless nedolіki - skhilnіst to corrosion and low heat capacity through thin walls. Batteries are already fast reaching, and with them you will not worry about economy.
Aluminum radiators are becoming leaders in popularity. The stench is already good heat transfer, which increases the economy of the system by a lot. At the same time, the stench is light, you can make a pleasant looking look. The only nedolіk - corrosive non-stability to aluminum and, at the link with z zim, increased vimoglivist to the purity of heat transfer.
Bi-metal radiators can be used with steel and aluminium. The stench may have a good heat output, the ratio is small, the stink is easily regulated, the odor is pleasant, it resists to corrosion. However, the stench is redeemed, shvidshe, on the high grounds are signs of central scorching, and in autonomous systems, it is not docile.

If you want any type of radiators, it is necessary to correctly develop the necessary amount for skin care.

It is possible, in principle, to expand the radiators, whether there are fireplaces, or traditionally, there are houses under the windows - a kind of thermal curtain is created and condensate is not allowed to settle between cold and heat.

However, the expansion of the vertical openings is not the primary criterion when choosing the number of sections or the linear expansion of the radiators. The leather from them may be an indication of the sweating of heat transfer at an average temperature of heat transfer of 70º C (for example, all chavun sections may have a tightness of 150 W skin). The value of the obov'yazkovo is indicated in the technical passport of the skin test.

You can go out of the house at the rozrahunka - it is respected by a sufficient norm of 41 W per m³. Calculate in the volume of the room (length × width × height) and multiplying it by 41, we take the necessary amount of thermal energy for heating. To get rid of the lesser division of the meaning of the pet is the tightness of the section - the whole of it. It is rounded off at the large side.

However, this rozrahunok zastosovuetsya for kіmnati with one wall and one window. It is true that we should make some corrections to the rozrahunka, depending on the peculiarities of the placement of that placement in the new:

Kutova kіmnata, with two zvnіshnіmi walls, vimagatima 20% reduction in heat exhaustion. If there are two windows in such a room, then the correction increases to 30%.
For the application with vіknami pivnіch chi pіvnіchny skhіd shlіd pribuvat sche 10%.
As a rule, radiators will be used in our own ventilators, after transferring 5% to the exhaust air consumption of their heat output.
Often, radiators are covered with decorative screens and screens. That is, insanely, reducing the efficiency of heat exchange, and to compensate for spending, to add up to the total necessary pressure of 15%.

In the event, if the rooms are not separated, the opening is carried out for their total area with proportional placement of batteries.

During the rest of the hour, singed internal convectors began to become very popular. The stinks create gloomy streams of a warm wind, serve as an effective thermal curtain in the bitter cold - a window of doors. Deyakі models are equipped with fans for precise regulation of the circulating flow that occurs.

I, nareshti, the main or additional dzherel to heat the place can act as a water tie-down screed. Here - zovsіm іnshi methods of rozrahunka, to that the topic will be considered in the next publication.

Blow a booth for the scorching system and the wiring diagram

For the transfer of heat from the boiler to the points of heat exchange - radiators or convectors, a pipeline system should be used. How about blowing faster?

Steel pipes - fine, galvanized or stainless steel vicarious infrequently. Stinks are important, dosit folded in installation - will be needed zvaryuvalnі robots or narіzka rіzbovih z'єdnan. Without the help of a qualified specialist, one cannot do here.

Mid pipe - vіdmіnna akіst system, but even more expensive

Mid-trumpet - this is a wonderful option, and for the longevity of victoria, and for resistance to corrosion. Because of the high price of the material and the foldability of the same installation, you can see a similar system in a range of exclusive, accessible only for a small amount.

Metal-plastic pipes - do not help low shortfalls

It is important to grind metal-plastic pipes to the optimum selection. So, their installation is clumsy and practically accessible to the skin. Ale, there is a large number of metal problems that require regular revisions and prophylactic tightening, do not allow such a wiring to be taken away in the wall or for a lieu. In addition, it does not include the possibility of opening the body of the pipe with partial thermal drops and a moving vice.

Polypropylene pipes - the best option for the supply "price - quality"

Polypropylene pipes - perhaps the best solution in terms of functionality and economy. Golovne correctly select the required material for the scorching system itself. With the help of the vicorist method, rub with additional internal reinforcement (aluminum or fiberglass), which increases their strength and reduces the coefficient of linear expansion when heated.

Possibility of installation of such pipes under the power of any housekeeper, possessing for their installation is inexpensive or available for short-term rent. Zvarnі z'ednanny vіdrіznyayutsya monolithic and high mіtsnіstyu, scho allows rozvedennija in tovshu stіn аbo pіdlogi. Vtіm, neat zvnіshnіy vglyad do not destroy the interior of the accommodation and at open accommodation.

Necessary number of pipes to lay in the form of a branching scheme. There are three main types with different variants in dermal:

The one-pipe scorching system wins over the simplicity and the minimum amount of vicorous material. All the burnishing fittings are sequentially installed on the same ring, as they begin and end in the boilers.

The head part of such a system is the uneven heating of the premises - the further away from the boiler, the temperature of the heat carrier is lower. For the contour of a small house, it may not be of great significance, but with a larger argument, a similar minus will be even more significant.

Two-pipe distribution in terms of equal heating is much shorter. Heat transfer pipes are delivered to all points of heat exchange through the supply pipes. After passing through the radiators, the vents are taken into the pipe - the return line, which is transported to the boiler.

It is ensured that the heating temperature is practically the same for all applications. True, pipes are already needed twice more.

The collector scheme can be connected to the skin opaluvial attachment or to a group of attachments in one wet circuit with supply and return pipes connected to inlet collectors.

From the point of view of the pipes, the foldability of the design and installation, the scheme will become the most efficient. Prote, it can be simply indispensable in the scorching system of the great private booth, especially as the "warmth of the bed" is stagnant. The skin contour can regulate itself, so that you can create the most comfortable wash in any room.

Video: wiring diagrams for the scorching system of a private booth

Safety group of the closed system of scorching and additional control

A necessary element of the closed-type scorching system is the so-called safety group - the supply of external valves and visual control accessories. To її warehouse obov'yazkovo enter:

Outside valve, which works when the pressure in the system is moved beyond the permissible value (for example, when the boiler automatics or the membrane mechanism of the expansion tank goes out of tune). In this case, the valve automatically removes too much redness to normalize the level of the system. Sound such a valve with a branch pipe from the sewer riser.
Rotating separator valve - povіtrovidvіdnik. You can take a look at the system when you fill up, and the cork, which has been established, can destroy the burning robot of the scorching. In addition, it can be seen and scattered near the water again, especially on the back of the robotic system. Installations at the other point window guard secure automaticallyh s gases that accumulated.
Attach visual control - a pressure gauge and a thermometer, allow you to easily check the correctness of the robotic system. It is often possible to use these accessories in one case.

"Safety group", assembled in one brass case

The whole group of security equipment often hangs around a single brass body. However, the options here can be different - invariably, there will be less than 100 component warehouse. An important mind at її installations - on the distribution of the pipeline between the safety group and the boiler, it was fenced in to install whether I would lock the fittings.

Before additional equipment, the scorching system can be installed at heat exchange points - radiators or convectors. They allow you to accurately set the temperature of heating in the skin application, which can give significant savings on energy. The design of thermostats is different, stench is either mechanical or electronic, often a constructive element of the radiators themselves.

When planning the expansion, the next step is to transfer the system of faucets, so as to allow the supply of heat to be cut off on the floor of the plant or the circuit. Tse allows you to carry out repair or preventive work without burning the whole scorching, or without angering the whole volume of water that circulates in the system.
As in the settlement, part of the interruption in electricity supply, important additions to the scorching system, there was an uninterrupted life. Turn on a small power, close to 600 - 700 W, IB P allow the circulation pump to operate without interruption for a few years.

Also, the scorching system of the closed type is a foldable “organism”, and before the design and installation, it should be suitable for maximum ventilation. An easy approach will not be tolerated - neither for the sake of its efficiency, nor for the safety of operation.