What is the root of the Russian language of speech. What is the root word? What is a word nest
About those that are the root of the word, it is necessary to know in order to work on morphemic analysis. From the other side, in the light of the understanding of the Russian lie and the correct spelling of the rich orthograms, the shards of the rule to match that it is necessary to pick the same root words. What is it? Rozpovimo at tsіy statti.
The root of the word: understanding understanding
Whether the word Russian can be divided into morphemes - meaningful parts. Some of them put their own grammatical understanding, others - lexically. Until the rest, lay roots. The lexical meaning is laid down in the second part itself.
The root of the word is the whole part. True, a lexeme can be without a prefix, suffix, mother zero inflection. And the axis without the root will be typing letters or symbols, which does not mean anything.
Let's aim a butt: the words "backwater", "water" have a prefix that suffix, vіdpovіdno. Yakshcho mi pribera їh, the meaning of "shchos po'yazane z water" to lose. And from yakshcho tidy up the root -water-, then the stench will stop being like that. In this rank, we brought that the very root is the bearer of the main sense.
This morpheme can be butiful (with no other parts) and connected (do not make sense without prefixes, complete that suffix). So, the root of the lexeme "zabіgati" is vіlniy (bіg - the meaning of the word can be determined), and the axis of the lexeme "viti" is the root of the adjectives -v-, so it's okay without inflection and suffix - it just doesn't mean warehouse.
Word without root
There is one unique word in Russian language that does not avenge the root: "vyynyati". Knowing what the root of the word is, it’s easy to show it! Ale, don’t worry so much.
Etymologically, the root of this word is є, prote, vin, having been absorbed in the process of evolution of the movement. It used to be written in a different way - "vyynyati". Over the years, the language developed, and such words began to be vinified, such as "poke", "blow", "catch". By analogy with them, changing and "whipping" - vіn becoming written and moving like "whipping". From now on, the lexeme is formally given, folded less with prefixes vi-, suffix -nu- and inflection -t. The roots are seen less etymologically.
Yakі words є odnokorіnnymi
Words of the same root - tse, yak in the warehouse may have the same root, the lexical meaning of the stink is also similar. The lexemes "bіda" - "bіdny" - "bіdnіst" - "zbіdnіti" - have the same root, because the same root can be -bid-, which means unhappiness, misfortune.
Let's bring a butt: the root of the word "shukati" zbіgaєtsya with morphemes in the words "poshuk", "rozshukuvati", "poshukach", "pіdshukuvati". In this order, all the lexemes are of the same root.
One-root words to melt away from oneself threaten to pardon for identification. It should be clearly understood that in them, apart from the same common parts, there may be similar meanings. For example, the words "drive" and "pіdvodnik" have the same root, -water-. However, the meanings of these words differ: to drive - to carry a transporter, and a water worker - to the one who works under the water. In this way, given homonymous roots do not establish a pair of homonymous words.
So for mercy we see like the same root words form one and the same word: "nurse" - "nurse" - "nurse". It’s better to babysit, live in the form of one, many, and a woman’s kind.
Yak shukati root words
To correctly see the main morphemes, it is not enough just to know what the root of the word is. Here it is necessary to competently pick out single-rooted, disputed words.
Such words do not necessarily lie down to the singing part of the mov, so they can be famous. So, the lexemes will be the same root: "light" - "light" - "light" - "light"; "green" - "green" - "green" - "green"; "peace" - "light" - "miriti" - "peacefully".
How do you see the root word? The rule is to say that you should understand this lexical meaning, pick up native words and postulate, as part of them is repeated. In this order, one can easily understand where the main morpheme is. In some cases, it helps the cob "vіdsіkannya" prefixes, inflections and suffixes, especially as stinks may have one option.
For example, in the word "plantain" there is a prefix po- (there are no other options and it is easy to visualize) and the suffix nik-, which is also characteristic of names. The root - dear - is being overwhelmed. We bring it, having chosen the same root words: road, road.
The rest of the butt also shows that the roots are trawling. This is dictated by the historical changes of the language. Variations can be made as a voice, and voice sounds.
The road is a path.
Dry - dry.
The hand is a pen.
Pick - pick - pick.
Die - die.
Shiny - shine.
Knowing that this is the root of the word and how to correctly shukati, you can boldly rob morphemic analysis of such words, not being afraid to have mercy.
Mova is our teacher. And the skin word is a lesson. Especially cіkavі lessons of the same root words. Axis tractor driver. Win to drive a tractor. Grass plantain growing on the road. The bribe is called the place, de hibernate. Words of the same root help to understand how the word has become established, what it means. About the lesson “The root of the word. One-root words. "At the lesson, you posterize for the same words, find out what the same-root words are, what they call the root of the word, change it, which the root of the disputed words is written the same way, but also posterize for the drawing of the words at the root.
Vcheni praised that the Russian language has approximately 4500 roots. The author M.A. Rybnikova said: “To know the root of the word - tse means to know the inner yoga, the attachments of the senses - those that set fire to the fire in the middle of the fire”. Theme of the lesson: “The root of the word. One-root words. The writing of the root in single-root words.
About deyakі words seem that the stench is arguable. Guess what does the name mean?
Rodinnі - tse words, yakі can be explained for the help of one of the same word. Part of this word is alive in all relative words. That's why native slivs єzagalna part of that zagalne meaning.
For example, zukornitsa, zukor, zukerka- Argued words?
1. We wonder, chi є in the words is a part ? (At the words tsukornitsa, tsukor є zagalna part of tsukor)
2. What is the big deal? (Chi can you explain the words for the help of that very word?)
Zukornitsa is a tea utensil for tsukru. So, tsukornitsa, tsukor are controversial words. Tsukerka is not a controversial word.
Given words: riba, ribality, catch, ribka, ribniy, perch, fishing.
Let's take this family's words.
How to recognize them? In a first way, in words, there is a zagalny part (rib), in a different way, є zagalne meaning. You can explain the words after the help of that very word.
Ribality - go fishing for ribeye. Ribka is a small fish. Ribniy is a preparation from ribi. Fisherman - one who catches fish.
To mean, riba, ribality, ribka, riba, fisherman- Controversial words.
We are out of words catch that perch.
We take less than those words before them, as if they were controversial. Okunek, dipping, catch, spritny - controversial words?
Chi є have words zagalna chastina? (Perch, fishing)
Can you explain the words after the help of that very word? A perch is a small perch. So perch and perch are arguable words.
Zanuriv - zanuriv at the homeland. Okun, zanuriv - these words do not have a wild meaning.
The catch is a lot of ribey, yak was swept. Mean, catch, catch - these are controversial words.
Spritny - maisterny, scho Volodya physical rightness. Catch, spritny - these words do not have a wild meaning.
What is the name of the sacred part of native lands?
The last part of the disputed words is called the root.
The root takes from itself the most controversial words of meaning.
It is significant that the root of the disputed words. At the words perch, perch root okun-. At the words catch, catch root lov-.
Native words are called single-rooted, because they have one and the same root.
Visnovok: voices and sounds of different voices.
And what are the same letters? The letters are the same.
Remember the secret of the root! The root of native words is written the same way.
To know the root of the word, it is necessary:
1. Choose native words. 2. See the same part.
We know the root of the words a gift, a gift, a gift.
A present is rich, to bestow a yak, to bring it from darunok. Zagalna part is a gift.
Viguknuti - shout loudly, you see a scream. Korin - cry.
Srіblyasty - the colors of the srіbl, with the srіbnim vіdtinkom. Korin - srib.
Before speech snow pick up controversial words. We know them for the description of the meaning.
1. Affectionately called the snow (snіzhok).
2. Crystal snow (snіzhinka).
3. Snіgova woman (snіgovik).
4. Ryasna with snow (snigova).
5. Small, tightly twisted breasts with snow (snows).
Qi words may have a different meaning. Let's watch for the roots.
Reveal that all of these words have a root snig. Wimowte the word for such roots. Chi zhandy you Bulo vovlyat "snіgovy", "snіgky"?
You guarded the law of language: at the root of single-rooted words, some sounds can be replaced by others. Such a change is called the call of the voices.
In these words, the root is snig-snig, in the root - the lettering of the letters of the voiced pan.
How many more letters of the same-voiced words are drawn in the roots of the same-root words?
Look at the last letter of the voiceless dokorinno.
fluff-push OK
wow pro- ush to x-sh
waters iti- rein ak
looking around et- marvel at Dr.
rіk but- rich ka
agony but- much Noi k-h
vaga s-vz vesh ival
kіs but- kish at s-sh
WHO iti -Vizh at
alert-say i h
And in words lead-lead yany, iv glasses- yalina letter e replace a letter e.
Get respect! The root is respected by one and the same, and the words are disputed, like letters eі e, Gі f, d-f, k-h, x-sh and others replace one by one.
Yakos
Too many fates
planted marvelous garden.
Not boo wine fruity,
Buv vin is less than a word.
Tse word,
The root word
Growing up has become a nuisance
I brought us fruit -
It became a lot of new words.
Axis from the garden
You are a seedling
Axis more landing order.
And from
gardener .
Behind him is a gardener.
Duzhe tsikavo
Walk in the word garden!
(Y. Izmailov)
One-root words: garden, planted, rose garden, planting, gardener(Fahіvets z rozvedennya gardenіv) , gardener(practitioner, like a watchful garden).
Chi can you add words gardening, gardening, soot, sadzhantsi?
Sadovy- What can I bring to the garden.
Saditi- those who plant.
Sajantsi- Roslini, transplanted from another city. At the root of the same-root words, there is a blacking out of the voices of Dr.
And from soot no significant significance. Soot - black pouring from the fire.
Let's call it the same-root words with the root UCH-: teacher, learn, learn, learn, relearn, learn, learn, teacher, head teacher, teacher, head teacher, learn, learn.
At the lesson, you recognized that the most important part of the disputed words is called the root. The root of native words is written the same way. Words with the same root are called, yakі may have the same root and zagalne meaning. In order to know the root of the word, it is necessary to pick up disputed words and see the same part in them.
- M.S. Soloveychik, N.S. Kuzmenko "Before the mysteries of our language" Russian mova: Podruchnik. Grade 3: in 2 parts. Smolensk: Association of the XXI century, 2010 r_k.
- M.S. Soloveychik, N.S. Kuzmenko “Before the mysteries of our language” Russian mova: Robotic zoshit. Grade 3: in 3 parts. Smolensk: Association of the XXI century, 2010 r_k.
- T. V. Koreshkova Grade 3: in 2 parts. - Smolensk: Association of the XXI century, 2011 r_k.
- T. V. Koreshkova Work out! Zoshit for independent work from Russian language for grade 3: in 2 parts. - Smolensk: Association of the XXI century, 2011 r_k.
- L.V. Mashevska, L.V. Danbitska Creativity in Russian Movies. - St. Petersburg: KARO, 2003
- G.T. Dyachkova Olympiads in Russian language. 3-4 class. - Volgograd: Vchitel, 2008
- school-collection.edu.ru().
- Festival of pedagogical ideas "Vidkriy lesson" ().
- padabum.com ().
- Write down the word strong and add to the new single-root word. Recognize them for the description of the meaning.
1) A small bowl for table salt - ...
2) Put some strength for relish - ...
3) May taste of salt - ...
- Write down the following words and orders with the same root. They saw the root.
1) It’s true not to be friends with bullshit.
2) Have a friendly team to do the right thing.
3) After reading a book, chat with a friend.
4) Vmіy cherish friendship.
- They divided the words into two groups of single-root words.
Water, water, water, turn, guide, guide, watery, watery, guide.
What is morphemic?
Morfemіka - tse rozdіl science about mova, in yakіy vvchaєtsya warehouse (budova) words. Div. How to sort out the word behind the warehouse?
What is a morpheme?
The skin word can be divided into small important parts, named morphemes.
What are the parts of the word (see morphemes)?
For example, the word submariner consists of 4 morphemes:
Mustache morphemes, krіm root, are called affixes, which are service morphemes. Div. What are word affixes?
What mental signs designate parts of a word (morphemis)?
For skin morphemes, their own mental signs:
Div. Plan for the analysis of the word behind the warehouse.
What is the base of the word that ending? How to know the basis of the word ta finish?
Note. In this case, zero completion is marked with a sign Ο
”, the base of the seat (for the number of technical buildings, it is known їх, as adopted in
linguistics).
Note. Difficulty recalling the vision of the base in words from final vowels i, e, e, u , what to stand behind other voices or after a soft sign, tk. qi voices signify two sounds, one of which lies down to the base, and the last one - until the end. For example, name army [arm'ij- but] may end -a, and the sound [j] comes at the base. In order to bring it, it is necessary to scribble the word: in the armyarmyj- e] th ta іn In all these forms, [j] is taken away. So, [j] is a part of the base, shards of completion are part of the word that differentiates. Exclusively, in the form of a generic word, the sound of graphic expressions for additional letters ( army Ο ), and other forms of wines do not take away a special designation.
What is the root word?
The main morpheme of the word is root. The main part of similar words is called the root, in which the main lexical meaning is laid. Korinnya buvayut vіlnі and pov'yazanі.
Like words are called single-root (similar)?
Words from these same roots are called single-rooted (similar).
For example, words learn, learn, learn, learn, learn, learn, learn, learn avenge one and the same root -uch- and to that, they are the same root. All these words designate objects, signs that they are under, that they stand for “teach”.
Words bush, bush, bush, bush,- single-rooted, for to avenge one and the same root - bush- and designate objects, signs of which are under, that the words “shelter” are hung.
What is a word nest?
One-root words become a word nest.
The word-creator of the nest is the sum total of all the same-root words, ruffled with the improvement of the sequence of their creations.
An example of a word-creative nest
Pochatkov's word "province".
province(s) [province]
provincial ator
governor- w-but
governor- stv-about
governor- sk-th
governor- stems-th
vice-governor
vice-governor sk-th
governor general since. general
governor-general stv-about
governor-general sk-th
provincial sk-th
(Tikhonov A.N. Word-creating dictionary of Russian language. - M., 1990. - T. 1. - S. 262)
How to know the root of a word?
For example,
1) at the word change see the root -men- as a result of the selection of single-root words men yat, about men, behind men but that in.;
2) at the word hang out root -Tale- , because the main part of the same-root words lane alert wati, vi alert ati, alert ati, race alert, alert ka and etc.
The root can be formed from a number of sounds (id em), from the 1st sound (behind th ti) but buti zero (one word, in which the zero root - wi-nuti. Tsey zero root is drawn from -nim- (in and -nim- ati).
For example, gas opro waters , eternal about greenery ii, bіl pro- syn e- red uy.
Folding words have a root (abo root) can have ideas for a shortened look.
For example, core paragraph - core(Respondent) point, university— in(Vishe) at(chebne) h(Avedennya).
What roots are called homonyms?
It is necessary to take into account the differences between the roots, which are taken care of by the sounds and writings, and to be distinguished by the meanings. Such roots are called homonyms.
For example,
1) wear, vіdnosti, transferring, pіdnos, skidding, castoffs, carrier- Korin -nis- (words stosuyutsya dії "wear");
2) nіs, nasal, spout, nose, transferred- tezh root -nis- , prote words are part of the individual "nіs".
There is nothing common between the words “wear” and “nіs”, therefore, two groups of words can be put up to different word-creating nests, and the roots of those are homonymous.
Words with homonymous roots are not the same.
What is the drawing of voices and voices before the root? What is a shvidka voiced?
With the adoption of new words and forms of words, rich roots can drawing sounds(Tobto mina), as a result of which different variants of one and the same root are established. Їx it is required to vrahuvat when seeing the roots, when adding single-root reversal words. Div. tables of chirping sounds.
For example,
1) in words pros iti, past y, z prash ivati one and the same root -prosk- , in which case є cherguvannya s//w і about//a ;
2) in words mouth — rt but voiced about cherguetsya with "zero sound", which is called beagle voiced.
Note. For that one voice, one suffix sings out singly, it’s not enough to go all the way to the warehouse of the root, but the new suffix is not seen. At the words of the class core ml yu (cor m it), lu bl yu (lu b ita), ishak pl jenna (followed P Oh)l not with a new suffix, but to enter up to the warehouse of the root.
Right up to those "Omonymic roots"
1. The suggestive words have two homonymous roots -water-:
water, flood, flood, wiring, conductor, water, water, visnovok, water, waterless.
Break them into two nests so that the first one has words similar to the word water, the other has words similar to the word lead.
2. The suggestive words have two homonymous roots -gir-:
gіrka, mountaineer, smoky, mountainous, gіrsky, vigoriliy, mountainous, combustible, pregіr'ya, hump, burn.
Break them into two nests so that the first one has words similar to the word mountain, the other has words similar to the word burn.
rightup to thoseCharguvannya voicing and vociferous dokorinno "
1. Which butt has correctly seen the root of the word hospitality?
1) VITA, 2) VITA, 3) VID, 4) VID, 5) VID, 6) VIT.
Suggestion: 4) RECOVERY.
2. In some ways, the Russian language root of the word father ?
Suggestion: 4: 1) father ; 2) father-(father, tatovi); 3) otch-(vіtchizna, according to father); 4) father- (batkivshchyna, batkivshchyna).
3. Danish translation of single-root words: partition, fence, fence, fence, fence. How many variants of the root are presented here?
Suggestion: 5: 1) -Misto-(partition, fence); 2) -deg-(cities, partitions); 3) -gromad-(fence); 4) -place-(obstructed); 5) -city-(enclose).
4. To know the words from the roots, in some possible swidki voices: lion, elephant, eagle, falcon, drake, jackdaw, deer, marmot, wolf, goat, dog, dog, whale, stallion.
Suggestion: a lion(left, left) Eagle(Falcon, eagles), drake(drake), jackdaw(daw), babak(marmot), ever(sheep, sheep, sheep), dog(dog).
Dzherelo material Website
Dodatkovo:
Dodatkovo to the site:
What is the root word?
What is morphemic? Morfemіka - tse rozdіl science about mova, in yakіy vvchaєtsya warehouse (budova) words. Div. How to sort out the word behind the warehouse? What is a morpheme? The skin word can be divided into small important parts, named morphemes. What are the parts of the word (see morphemes)? Prefix, root, suffix, ending, happy morpheme (interfix), postfix. For example, the word "pіdvodnik" is composed of ...
Yogo understand. Other morphemes (suffixes, prefixes, endings) cannot have independent meaning. The stench is less likely to add to the main value of the supplementary remarks. Volodymyr Russian my mind is perfectly clear that "" - we are not the same as the "tail", but in that, and in the other way, go about one and the same part of the creature's body, because. root tsikh slіv zagalniy.
Single root words
All words that have the same root are called single-root. The stench can lie like up to one part of the movie (kit - cat - cat - cat), and up to the last ones (start - start - start).
Folding words
One root is obov'yazkovo. Ale is made up of two roots. Such words are called collapsible. Thus, the word "pishohid" has two measles: "pish" and "khid".
Homonymous root
Words are sharpened, the roots of which are written the same way, but the meanings of the stench are different. Such a root in homonyms - words of the same for writing, but for other meanings: the words “key” in the meaning “dzherelo” and “key” in the meaning “attached to the opening of doors, vіdmichka” are written the same way, but the word “key” in the first meaning the same root word will be, for example, "key (water)", the same as the other meaning - "key".
Cherguvannya zvukiv dokorinno
Buvay, that the voices or the sounds in the same root in different words of the same root are written in a different way, they are scribbled, for example, “big - bigty” or “put - prikmetnik”. Understand how to write the root of that other word, to help the rules. Sometimes lie down, you know the vowel with a voice, chi ni (sunburn - smoky), sometimes you see how the root ends (grew - growing), for an hour - the meaning of the word, for example, makati (zanyuvati in the motherland) and weep (leak with water) ) . The chanting of sounds is conditioned by historical processes, which are found in movі (historical chanting) or by the peculiarities of wimovi (phonetic chanting).
Growing the root
As a result, the roots of the mov deyak have grown up with prefixes, suffixes. In such words, one can see a historical (etymological) root and a modern one, accepted by the language at the moment. So, the word “factory” has an etymological root “waters”, the modern one - “factory”. Such a root is called pov'yazanim. The roots of modern words, which are used as etymological ones, are called free - such in the Russian greatness.
Budinok is the axis of what is the root of the word. Sometimes with a rearrangement of furniture, but everything is the same - budinok, fatherland. We know all the morphological doors and enter into the innumerable and unique peaces of the Russian language. The word sound is composed from the basis of that yogo ending. The prefix, the root and the suffix are in the basis, so called morphemes, that are the minimum parts of the word, which is already impossible to separate. The root morpheme has a lexical meaning, in others - a grammatical meaning and a word-creator.
in Russian language
We all know that the Word was on the cob. І tse, singsongly, buv root, that is the head and primordial part. The main lexical meanings are ordered by the wine itself. - this is the main morpheme that can be combined with the most common words. Vіn obov'yazkovo є at the skin word, navіt without the presence of other morphemes. And the axis of other morphemes cannot live without a root! For example: hut, add suffix - budinochok. Well, what is the axis ik without root hut?!
Single root words
So the very іnshі native words: hutі house, budinkovy and navіt house manager - everywhere the very root of the word that can be brought to the word hut. Such words are called single-rooted. There may be options here. At the word hut all relatives became namesakes, but there are relatives in the distance: lad, laditi, ladny, harazd.
Folding words
The word has one root and has two - house manager for example, I’ll do it again: the first root - hut, other - management type of word management. Such words are called collapsible. The spelling of some suvoros is regulated by the rules of spelling.
Sometimes a magnifying glass does not help: it is impossible to tell what is the root of the word. Adzhe buvayut and so to a ridiculously entangled vipadki, if different for the meanings of the word, the same root can be found. This is the root of words, the titles of homonyms, that yoga obov'yazkovo needs to learn to differentiate. Homonymous - otzhe, scho zbіgayutsya for sounding, but absolutely different for meanings. wear- root nіs, і nіs in appearance - tezh іz roots nіs. How about booty? Navit know what is the root of the word and unreservedly recognize it, it is necessary to match the words with lexical meanings and establish that they are not the same root.
Korinnya pov'yazane that vіlne
axis samiy nіs, which is in appearance, calmly can do without endings, inspire the wicked - oh what a nose!, tim more without amіkoshonskih - well, you have a nose!, then nіs- The root of independence, and that is called free. Such a lot. Ale buvayut and zovsim non-selfish roots, stinks only survive in union with other morphemes - prefixes and suffixes: understand for example Well, how to understand what is the root of the word. understand"? So the root is called pov'yazanimi. Another cіkavіshe root with one letter : vomit, vomit.
Rearrangement of furniture
Even more often, changes are made beforehand - one sound is replaced by another, if different forms of the same word are victorious, or in disputed words. For spelling, use simple rules. Tse are called cherguvannyam, which stand like voiced ones, so Moss - moss, nonsense - nonsense, big big for example Razrіznyayut cherguvannya historically formed ( historically) that phonetically.
Modern transformation
In a lot of words, the roots were grown with other morphemes, and they simply mov. For example: zahіdny, factory, celebration, sumuvati and others.
