Athletics. Diploma of the robot - the history of the development of athletics. zasіb vyhovannya that development of the growing generation

Indications that characterize the zmagalnu diyalnіst among the different types of lungs athletics:

Short distances: hour of the bus on the air, number of days, frequency, duration of the big day;

Bar'erny big: the last hour of the passage of the bar'er cycle, the hour of flying over the bar'er;

Middle / long distance: breaking the distance along the windbreaks, the hour of passing the skin-covered windbreak, the period of the fall of the speed, tactics, technique;

Strubki: speed of running on the remaining / redistributed 5 meters in front of the entrance, a spade or inaccessibility, a few of the big crocks, wind speed, an hour of flight, a landing technique (landing);

Throwing: projectile spread, number of turns, roundness of the projectile, trajectory of the projectile, roll (for write-off);

Shist: practical tezh, shcho i in haircuts + dozhina of the pole, grip, hardness of the pole, wine of the pole;

Marathon big: tactics of passing, options for eating by distance

Ticket 8

1. Playing and significant methods for physical training and sports training. The initial drawings of these methods, opportunities, which rely on them, that obmezhennya.

2. Characteristics of the dynamics of sports results of track and field athletes in the highest class in the chosen track and field athletics (greater achievement zone, sports experience, savings of their sportsmanship).

3. Planning the training process in the river cycle training in the haircut at the height. Koshti, obsyagi that particularity їх rozpodіlu for periods and stages.

Playful and significant methods for physical training and sports training. The initial drawings of these methods, opportunities, which rely on them, that obmezhennya.

Americans stun the selection of the Polish medal. Two gold medals at world championships

At that very hour, the staff is numerical, but strong. Levova part of the fight for medals. From them, it is clear that the Poles have to reach seven discs. Number two in their competition was dominated by the stretch of rich rock. Offendedly, they take the best results from the world and gold medals of the most important championships. Faydek does not win the Olympic championship, to the one who cannot stand the psychological start, but now the wine can turn back from the cym. Vіn already dvіchі bv champion of the world.

On the podium of another step, you can accompany another pole, Wojciech Nowicki. Vіn u zhitti tsgo rock. As the Americans said, Kamil Lichvinko also reached the reach of the haircuts at the height. To the same miracle, roztashuvannya gave my critical championship to the world. Tse can be so kind, but the Russian woman Maria Lazitskene is unattainable.

Game method

In the system of physical education, the country is victorious for the accomplishment of lighting, health and wellness projects.

The essence of the game method is that the rukhova diyalnist kotri are engaged in organizing for the improvement of money, minds and the rules of the game.

The main methodical features of the game method are:

1) the game method ensures the universal, complex development of physical qualities and thoroughly ruhovym and novichok, so that in the process the stench does not appear isolated, but in close mutual modality; in times of pedagogical necessity, for the help of the playing method, it is possible to develop singly physical skills (picking up playing games);

2) the presence of supernatural elements in the group of elements in the form of significant physical values, in order to use an effective method for the development of physical characteristics;

3) a wide variety of different ways to achieve the goal, the improvisational nature of the development of the human being's self-confidence, initiative, creativity, purposefulness and other valuable special qualities;

4) dominance of minds and rules of the game in the minds of confrontation gives the teacher the opportunity to purposefully formulate for those who are engaged in moral hardships: a little bit of mutual help and spivpracі, svіdomu discipline, will, collectivism just;

5) the power of the gaming method, the factor of satisfaction, emotionality and privablivosti spryaє shaping in which they are engaged (especially in children) with a strong positive interest and a game motive to physical education.

Before the failure of the gaming method, you can see the difference between the ability to develop new developments, as well as the dose of stress on the body.

Zmagalny method

Zmagalny method- tse sposіb vykonannya is right in the form zmagan. The essence of the method is based on vikoristannі zmagan yak zasіb podvishchennya іvnya podgotovnostі kotri are engaged. Obov'yazkovoy umovoy zmagalnoy method є pіdgotovanіst tіk, scho vykonannya tіk tіk prava, in yak stinks zmagatisya.

In the practice of physical training, the magic method manifests itself:

1) in front of the officials of the city of various equals (Olympic games, world championships in various sports, the first place of the country, the city, the national flag of the country);

2) as an element of organizing a lesson, whether it be a physical culture and sports activity, including sports training.

The smart method allows:

to stimulate the maximum manifestation of rukhovyh zdіbnosti and to show the rіvenі їх development;

reveal that estimate the quality of the hair with rukhovymi;

ensure the maximum physical effort;

accept vihovannu volovyh aspects.

Characteristics of the dynamics of sports results in high-class track and field athletes in the chosen track and field athletics team (greater achievement zones, sports experience, savings of the highest sportsmanship).

On the strength of the support is poured in: the coordination of the movements, the rozum's health of the athlete, the rational sustenance of the functions of the organs. The reason for the systematic development of the building is to stand up to the fact that it can be increased as a result of the building of the body to improve the ability of a rational energy reserve and the ability to increase the functional ability to more high rіven to save money. Shards of praise, which blow on the body, positively add support to the development, it is necessary that the stench be changed, greater in the world, as the body adapts to different levels of development.

At the third stage of selection, it is necessary to understand that an athlete can achieve high-class results, perform successfully in high-profile exercises, easily endure a viciously stressed training program and effectively adapt to stagnant stresses.

Getting to the training at the third stage of bagatarism training, it is necessary to universally evaluate the level of general and special training of athletes. In the light of this, respect is not only for absolute performance, but also for that progress, which the athlete achieved as a result of training in the previous stage. Perevaga is given to these athletes, as they have reached the great achievements, on the level of sportsmanship, the possibilities of the most important functional systems with the most obedient victories of the most difficult pedagogical benefits. With less progress achieved in equal sportsmanship, with more reserves, I lost a little more depth. To that, at this stage of training, as well as at the front, great respect is attached to the analysis of training at the front stage of bagatarism training. Athletes are considered promising, as they trained for a varied program, without any boundary obligations in training work, they separated the number of jobs from great ambitions, which are the same for the most important ones. did not reach the maximum parameters of training and zmagalnyh navantazheny, typical for stimulating training at the stage of maximum realization of individual abilities. Even with such a training process among athletes, the planned increase in the level of achievement and functional training, and up to the fourth stage of the bagatory training, the stench has reached a high level of sportsmanship, then all of this is necessary for a further serious progress.

One of the main indications, which shows the athlete’s ability to a significant progress at the stage of maximum realization of individual abilities, is various technical preparation. It manifests itself in achieving a thorough volodin as a technical kind of sport, and in the same time it is technically correct to win a large number of special training rights, subtly varying the spacious, temporal and dynamic parameters of the hand in the process of winning the most advanced rights. Such a structure of technical training allows to formulate at the fourth stage of bagatorical training a rational and labile technique of movements, which is related to the morphofunctional abilities of an athlete and specific abilities of a particular sport.

Of particular importance is the assessment of the special and mental qualities of an athlete. When tsomu otsіnyuyut stіykіst to stresovih situatsіy zmagan, zdatnіst nalashtovuvatisya on active zmagalnu Borotba, vmіnnya mobіlіzuvati Seeley at gostrіy konkurentsії, psihіchnu stіykіst at vikonannі ob'єmnoї that napruzhenoї trenuvalnoї robot zdatnіst kontrolyuvati zusillya, tempo, shvidkіst, napryamok ruhіv, rozpodіl Sealy takozh umіnnya show the best results in the most recent competitions, among the strongest superniks. Eminent sportsmen, as a rule, are characterized by the fact that they should actively fight against the most powerful ones, with the greatest competition. It is not for nothing that the coaches, as one of the most important criteria, in assessing the prospects of athletes victorious, show the best results in the final competitions, lower in the previous ones.

At the third stage of the competition for the skin Olympic sport, reviewing the initial training competitions are held. Selection of candidates is subject to the approval of such indications:

1. Sports and technical results and yoga dynamics (cob, peak, decline) behind the training.

2. Steps of fixing the technique of victoring the most inconsistent elements at the hour of vikonnanny are right in extreme minds.

3. Stages of technical readiness and stamina of an athlete to the factors that beat, in the minds of great activity.

For pіdbags zmagan, and as a result of complex training, the coaching period appoints a contingent of athletes, and individual performances of those show the accomplishment of the task of the pre-Olympic training. Vіdbіr kandidatіv to basic commands skladіv zbіrnih areas kraїv, Russie skladaє osnovі oblіku Ruhov potentsіalu, mozhlivostі away rozvitku fіzichnih yakostey, vdoskonalennya funktsіonalnih mozhlivostey organіzmu athlete osvoєnnya novih Ruhov navichok, zdatnіst Transferred to Visoko trenuvalnih navantazhen, psihіchnoї stіykostі sportsmenіv in zmagannyah. At each stage of the selection of candidates, the following components are awarded: the rіven of special physical training; the level of sports and technical preparation; the riven of tactful preparation; the level of psychological preparation; become healthy.

The main form of selection of candidates from the selection of the team of the country is the sports team. In this case, it’s not less than the current sports results, but the dynamics of the stretching of the last two or three years, the dynamics of the results in the stretching of the current rock, the experience of regular sports, the importance of the main components of physical fitness and physical development of this type of sport on the basis of this type of sport. international class.

From the last one, such a visnovok is whistling.

Vidbir is composed of three stages. Stage 1 - front, stage 2 - intermediate and stage 3 - final.

Before the selection criteria lie: anthropometric data, medical indications, statura, ruddy health.

3. Div ticket 5 and 1 meal 3

Zmist:
Introduction……………………………………………………………………...……3
1. Historical conclusion……………………………………………………………. five
1.1 History of the development of athletics in ancient times…………………….5
1.2 Athletics in Russia before the First World War………………………….....8
1.3 The development of athletics of our time…………………………………..... 8
1.4 History of country athletics……………………………………..13
2. History of the development of athletics in Russia…………………………….....16
3. Classification that Zagalna characteristic track and field rights……………………………………..………… ……………………..19
4. Characteristics by species………………………………………………….…22
4.1 Sprint………………………………………………………………………..22
4.2 Middle distances……………………………………………………… …..25
4.3 Marathon……………………………………………………………………...30
4.4 Long distances……………………………………………………. …..34
4.5 See the relay races………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4.6 See the stripes…………………………………………………………… ….43
4.7 Metaniya…………………………………………………………………………55
Conclusion………………………………………………………………………….64
List of references of the dzherel and literature……………………………...66

Entry:

Athletics - one of the oldest sports. It is made up of natural rights: walking, running, stribkiv and throwing. Systematic employment with these species has the right to develop strength, speed, vibrancy, spritnist and other vivacity, necessary people for this regular activity. Athletics is the largest sport and the widest in the world. Such a large number of countries, like the International Amateur Athletics Federation (IAAF), does not like the organization of the world. Nine members of the IAAF - national athletics federations over two countries of the world (209 countries - 1997). Over 40 events in athletics are included in the programs of the Olympic Games and world championships. Athletics has a rich history, like taking its cob from a long time ago. Archaeological evidence - vases, medallions, coins, sculptures help to reveal the current, like the ancient Greeks, and the ancient Romans had magic, which is now called track and field. The old-time Greeks called the mustache of physicality “athletics” and divided it into “easy” and “vazhka”. To a light stink they carried big, haircuts, methane, shooters from onions, sailing and deyakі іnshі have the right to develop serenity, shvidkіst, vitrivalism. Wrestling, fisticuffs, and a full blown mustache, which develop strength, the Greeks brought to important athletics. It is reasonable that the name "athletics" today is worthy of the mental, even important to name, for example, the marathon big or the throwing of the hammer with "light" physical rights. Like and be-like another pedagogical discipline, track and field athletics is based on a number of common sciences - physiology, anatomy, biomechanics, medicine and others. On this long and difficult path you will inevitably spend untrue things. And there will be less of them, like all fahivts, like practicing in the sports sphere, to show a high level of professionalism and to create minds for the growth of sports mastery of talented children. Regardless of the nature of athletics, the achievement of high sports results is only possible for the high level of physical training of athletes and their thorough volition by rational technology. Our country has thousands of track and field athletes-pochatkivtsiv. The growth of the sporting skill is rich in what to lay on, in order to correctly and successfully learn these types of athletics. Rushing to sporting peaks is possible only for learning to acquire the right skills in the basics of the technique of that first step of learning. In a single system of training, a teacher of physical culture of a globally educational school was appointed, having studied him with a modern method of teaching rukhovy diyam, which is effective vikoristovuєtsya with mass training. Vrakhovuyuchi those that as the basis of track and field athletics rights are taken dynamic characteristics of the hand, the reader is guilty of formulating a verbal description of the apparent dynamics in terms that are accessible to the understanding of scholars. Respect is fixed on the basis of rukhovo ї dії, so that you get used to it as close as possible to the best technology. In the most common way, the assimilation of the basis is accompanied by the formation of parts, and the special insertion of the formation of the parts is not required. Pardons from be-yakom vikonnі tsіlkom prirodnі. It is even more important for the support of high emotions to be busy with a specific statement, to correct not a pardon like that, but to create a situational situation, in which a pardon is neutralized and known. At the faculties of physical culture of pedagogical universities, the track and field athletics course is taught the theory and methods of teaching the sport, mastering the technique of the main types of sports, learning the necessary skills for independent pedagogical work.
1. Historical proof
1.1 The history of the development of athletics in ancient times

It is important to know the kind of sport, which is a long time ago and a lot of history, like athletics. God, the haircuts of that metanya were born at once from a human being, they were tightly tied with yoga pracey and pobutom. It is natural that the basis of the first mountains, roses, and then zmagan among all peoples became the most athletic right. Back in the olden days, people needed to remember the swede bigati, to make a difference in peace, to throw a variety of projectiles. In the light of the mind of a person to catch up and easily strike the species of boot, in the light of the ability to be strong and safe in the fight against the hidden forces of nature, yogo myslivska luck lay, and then - life. From the same time, the first people were aware of the big, haircuts and meth - right, to lay the foundation of modern athletics. Archaeologists, digging up the sites of ancient people, know a lot of promotional evidence that even at the dawn of civilization, newcomers played a great role in the everyday life of people. Obviously, at that time, it was impossible for a modern yogo to understand and move about sports. Narodivsya vіn rich pіznіshe. Batkivshchyna sport can take ancient Greece into account. Sports events in this country gained popularity even in the most recent hours - the number of wars led to the rise of strong and peaceful people. Ale tsі zmagannya mali zdebіshhogo mіstseviy character. Then, at the place of Olympia, where the famous temple of Zeus was known, and the number of gymnasiums and palestris for taking physical rights, as well as the stadium and the subdrome, began to be held nationally, nationwide, scho At the Olympic Games, there were faceless people from different places of Greece. About the importance of that popularity of this sport is sacred to say the fact that at the beginning of the Olympiad all over the country there were wars. The first reports about the achievements of track and field athletics are recorded in historical records about the Olympic Games Ancient Greece and can be seen up to 776 BC.
To the most recent achievements of athletes, without a doubt, є big. At that time, the whole program was formed out of the corner "into the dovzhina stadium." In 724 roci BC. before the track and field athletics program, the "dіaulus" was included - the "dvі dozhini" run to the stadium (384, 54 m). Trohi zgodom "dolіkos" - approximately 4.6 km. In 708 roci BC. - pentathlon, which included a diaulus, a haircut at a dovzhina, a throw-off, a disk and a fight. Cicavo, that the streaks of the zavdovka were chiming along to the sounds of the flute. The women looked up at the eyes of the people and went out to the magic with loose hair in their long shirts. Trohi zgodom "dolіkos" - approximately 4.6 km. In 708 roci BC. - pentathlon, which included a diaulus, a haircut at a dovzhina, a throw-off, a disk and a fight. Cicavo, that the streaks of the zavdovka were chiming along to the sounds of the flute. The women looked up at the eyes of the people and went out to the magic with loose hair in their long shirts.
In this manner, ancient Greece cultivated all types of athletics. At the preparation of athletes to the performances, at the technicians and the minds of the Greeks, the Greeks were rich in what we passed our hour. So, the stinks vikonuval raznі pіdgotovchi vprav, scho nagaduyut our gods, practiced big on water and pіsku. The start at the big was given on a signal, and a false start, having made it, giving an early warning. The runners were chiselled at the start to support them with a special plate (Balbis). The athlete was skinned with a big green track, and for the promotion, the front and final races were won.
It was long ago that the methane disk was squandered. Bull disks made of wood, stone, fairing, bronze, were often embellished with carvings, birds, creatures, or scenes of sports spectacles. The disc weight was from 1.25 to 6.63 kg. (The current disk is 2 kg for men and 1 kg for women.) They were eagerly portrayed by sculptors. The nationwide popularity of the Olympic mountains, the high reach, as shown by athletes, was explained by the whole way of life, the system of physical training, which was founded in Ancient Greece. Sparta has little physical training, military character. Only having wielded strong garrisoned warriors, the Spartans could secure their panuvannya over the slaves - helots, which they outweighed for their numbers. For the past 7 years, the children of the Spartans have been thriving in community schools, little respect was given to deeds, and physical training was the main thing. In the past, the system of sciences was established in Athens, where, in order of physical culture, sciences and art were widely developed. The lad instantly entered the grammatical, musical and gymnastic school at the same time. Having spent a lot of time at the rest of the school itself. Vihovannia at the community gymnasiums started from 16 years. Here the greater part of the day was given to physical rights. Later, the military education began. Later, the spiritual system of Athens opened up a great scope for a diverse physical development. The axis of which the Greeks were well prepared for participation in the Olympic Games, they loved to play. Enslaved by Greek sports, track and field athletics, they knew their way in rich architectural, sculptural and literary monuments. Rest of the century BC in the Olympic Games, the most important athletes-professionals took part. This has led to more frequent lapses in deceit, dishonest receptions. The games have become similar to the zhorstokі zmagannya gladiatorіv i have spent the meaning of the sacred Greek saint. The Olympic games pinned their foundation at the link with the second Greek independence and the transition to the rule of Rome. At 393 p. n. Under the pressure of the clergy, the Roman Emperor Theodosius I issued a special decree to announce the Olympic Games.

1.2 Athletics in Russia before the First World War

Today track and field athletics earlier, lower in other countries began to be cultivated in Great Britain. Shche in 1837. here there was a first wave from the big one at a distance of about 2 km. The participants of this slogan were the teachers of the Rugby metro college. Nezabar at the colleges of Iton, Oxford, Cambridge, London, sports events are also organized. Trohi later in the program, the zmagan included big on short distances, big on short distances and heavy haul, since 1851. included in the program of haircuts for dozhin and for height from the rozbіgu, and from 1864 p. - hammer throw and shot of the core. The new stage has begun with the conduction of school-wide fundraisers between the universities of Oxford and Cambridge. At 1865 p. The London Athletic Club was founded to hold the country's first track and field athletics. At 1880 p. in England, an amateur athletics association was founded, as it took away the rights of the supreme body of athletics in the borders of the British Empire, as well as in its colonies. The first athletic club has a winic, born in 1868. at New York. But, maybe, the centers for the development of athletics in America at that time were universities. In the 80s-90s of the last century, track and field athletics, as an independent sport, began to be cultivated in all parts of Europe. Resurrection of 1896 The Olympic games of modernity have already added to the development of athletics. Before the program of the Igor I Olympiad in Athens (1896), 12 types of track and field athletes were included:

official date lung people athletics in Russia adopted in 1888 rec. That lita group of young people, who roam near the dacha town of Tyarlyovo near St. Petersburg, made a group of lovers of the big, and 6 sickles of the same fate the stench spent the first magic of the big. Pennies for the organization of the slogan, for the memorial prizes were taken for a subscription. Adopting the name "Suspіlstvo lyubovіv bіgu", i z 1893 p. - "Petersburg Group of Sports Lovers". Busy gurtkivtsi rose in early spring on Petrivsky island, and in the summer months - near Tyarlyovo. The zmagan program was supplemented in 1893. haircuts at Dovzhin from a rozbіgu, from 1895. - shtovhannyam kernels, haircuts at the height, bar'erny big and big from transitions (steeple-chez). Trohi pіznіshe z'yavlyayutsya zmagannya z krosu and stribkіv z pole, disk methane and methane written off. At the program of the great sports saint, organized by the team in 1895, at a dawn-free entrance there were close to 10,000 peeps, the number of bicycle races increased by a large number at different distances, streaks in the valley from a wide range, big from the bar'erami, tanning chavun core. Gurtok became the center for the development of athletics in Russia. Here, the first rules of zmagan were vibrated, yakі zdobuli zagalno vyznannya. In 1908 p. gurtok will pershu at Russia's Garov road. As the members of the group guessed, the most famous track and field athletes from different countries – H. Kolehmainen, A. Stenroos, J. Saaristo, E. Brundage performed there. In the same place at 1908 p. group to hold the first championship of Russia. In 1911 the All-Russian Union of Amateur Athletics was created. In the help of the famous sportsman and journalist G. Duperron, who had been at the Olympic Games near Paris in 1900, all efforts were carried out according to the metric system. In 1912 47 track and field athletes of Russia took part in the Olympic Games near Stockholm. It is a pity that this first ledge was not far off, the athletes of our team did not take the prize money. After that, the Russian Olympic Committee adopted a decision on the holding of the All-Russian Olympiads, as a result of which they were responsible for the development of sports development in the country and the shortest training of Russian athletes to international zmagan and us to the Olympics. In 1913 p. Kiev hosted the 1st All-Russian Olympiad, on which the marathon race and women's first race in athletics took place. Another All-Russian Olympiad was held in 1914 at Reese. Vasil Arkhipov, a young runner from Moscow, became the hero of the Olympiad. On the cover of the high road of the Ryzkyi subdrom, he showed the best result for that hour in the 100 m race - 10.8. It is necessary to say that with such a result in 1912 p. American sprinter R. Craig won the title of champion of the V Olympic Games. The first world war, as soon as it began, then the revolution on the old fates brought sports magic. The first championship of the country in athletics was held in Moscow in 1922, took part in 200 athletes from 16 cities and districts of the country. About the camp of sports at that time to speak of the following fact: in the special first place of Moscow in athletics in 1921, one of the participants had a bad write-off, a badge happened to be pinned, because there was no other write-off in Moscow. For thirty years, the results of our athletes begin to approach the best light achievements. Another world war was spared by the world of sports champions equal to the championships of Europe, the World, the Olympic Games. For the first time, radian track and field athletes took part in the first Europe in 1946. in Norway, and in 1948 p. The All-Union Section of Athletics became a member of the International Federation of Athletics. Two years later, the athletes of the SRSR at the first place in Europe in Brussels got the most points for the prizes of the month. In 1952, the first time after the revolution of 1917, the fate of the choice of the SRSR took part in the Olympic Games. The debut appeared in the distance: 2 gold, 10 silver and 7 bronze Olympic medals. And the first match of the SRSR - USA in track and field athletics, which happened in 1958. in Luzhniki, brought victory to our athletes (rahunok 172:170 points). Tsі traditional year matches on the tension of the fight and the results merited for the report. In the upcoming five matches, the team from Radianska won the victory. Have 1959 r. at the Philadelphia stadium there was another match between the USA and the SRSR, ending with the victory of the national team of the SRSR. Interest before the upcoming "match of the giants" near Moscow in 1961. buv is indescribable. Our team overcame again with rachunk 179:163. On this day 6 light records were set. In 1962, in the American city of Palo Alto, Radiansk athletes outperformed the masters again. I again "fight of the giants" having pleased with miraculous results: world records were set by V. Brumel, who cut by 2.26 and G. Connolly, who threw a hammer at 70 m 66 cm. Podsumok matcha 1963 at Luzhniki Stadium 189:147. Tsya podiya was the center of respect for millions of sports lovers. It has become a tradition that the skin match SRSR - USA has a table of light records. І Valeriy Brumel set a new record with a streak of 2.28. Less than sixth match 1964 r. at the Coliseum stadium near Los Angeles - the Americans won the first victory in such zustrіches (Rakhunok 187:156). In the match at Kiev in 1965, the fate of the human warehouse of the national team of the SRSR was the first to win over the American athletes (118:112), and the female warehouse of the national team of the SRSR was ahead by 20 points. The next step - the eighth - was less than through the rocky rocks, I'm new in Los Angeles, sportingly happy that time it was on the bots of American athletes - 195:174. Through the river, the old supermen streaked in Leningrad, our team overcame the rakhunok 200:173. The first draw in the Giants' duel was fixed in the tenth match (186:186). The eleventh match of 1973 in Minsk brought an unfavorable score in points - 216:163 to the mercilessness of the radyansk choice. Match 1974 held in Durham and the commentator of the TV company Ei-Bi-Si said: "Radyansk sportsmen overcame the traditional match - 192:184. The guests' world records were an embellishment of the match." L. Bragina covered 3000 m in 8:52.74. In the 4x440 yard relay, our runners set a new record - 3:34.28 sec. Have 1975 p. Kiev won the prize of the thirteenth match of the SRSR - USA. Rakhunok 225:138 at the cost of the choice of the SRSR.

2. Development of athletics in Russia

3. Classification and general characteristic of track and field athletics rights

Athletics includes 5 types of physical rights: walking, running, haircuts, throwing and bug fighting. The dermal s of these species have their own variations, variants. The rules of zmagan determined distances and zmagan for men, women, athletes in different age groups. The main track and field athletics have the right to be included in the programs of the Olympic Games, world championships and Europe, national championships, commercial starts and other events.
Walking- natural way of changing people. Athletic walking looks like a great speed, as well as its own technique, which ensures the safety of the speed and economy of the hands. With systematic businesses of sports walking, diyalnіsti-Sudinno, Dikhalya, the Introduction Organizm, the virobliness of the vibrant, the sighless of the Tsіnnі Yakosti, Yak Topping, the Will, Titzatіst, Vmіnnya Turning the hardening, fighting Zi Stromnami, Smyny's vikniki. Walking trials are carried out both on the roads to the stadium, and on the main roads at distances of 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 and 50 km and for an hour - that two-year walking at the stadium is valid. Participants in the exercise of sports walking may be able to follow the rules of the song, most notably - the athlete's constant contact with the track (support by one foot). With the appearance of a non-stop position, if the athlete actually switches to the big, the win is taken from the big.
Big-є the basis, the main type of athletics. Sound itself big becomes the central part of all magic. In addition, it’s better to enter the warehouse in other athletics right, so, like a haircut in a dozhina, height, with a pole and a pot, the methane was written off that іn. Bіg in fallow land with its nature in a different way pours into the body of a person. More importantly, trivaly big near the park chi lіsi (bіg pіdtyuptsy) may be more important hygienic, healthier meaning. Shvidky, sprinter's big spriyaє to the full of swedish-strength abilities, big at the middle and long distances - vibrancy, bar'erny big - spritnost, high coordination of ruhіv. Bіg mentally grows up on a smooth (road stadium), with natural transitions (cross), with bars and other piece transitions and relay races. In their own line, in a smooth race, they distinguish a race at short distances - from 30 to 400 m, medium - from 500 to 2000 m, long - from 3000 to 10000m, overdue distances - 20, 25, 30 km, annual, double, March. (42 km. 195 m), big per 100 km. Cross-country is carried out up to 14 km, as well as by roads at the most common distances up to 30 km. The bar'erny big pass along the road at the stadium at a distance of 50 to 400 m. Vіn can be held on short - 4x60 m, 4x100 m, 4x200 m, 4x300 m, 4x400 m. 200+100 ta in.
haircuts - in athletics, they follow their recognition on the horizontal (at the top and bottom) and vertical (at the height, with the pole). The stinks are convoyed from month to month. At this hour, haircuts from the month are not included in the program of official events, but victories are important as training and as a test for the achievement of equal physical fitness. Stribki vykonuyut in a different way. So, stribati in the dozhina can be done in the way of "bending the legs", "bending" or "knives", and in the high position - "stepping over", "rolling over", "wagging", "throwing over", "fosbury flop". In some ways of stribkіv є kіlka variantіv vykonannya. For example, a haircut using the “roll” method can be pierced with a nirk behind the bar or without it, crossing the bar sideways or with your back, landing on a post or fly leg, etc. Each haircut is composed of "haircut", "croco" and "haircut", which are consecutively wound. A stribok with a pole is erected behind an additional support, which is collapsing - poles. Haircuts spriyat the development of stribuchost, shvidkіsno-strength qualities, various physical development of people. The stench vihouyut serenity, smilivst, vminnya orientate yourself in the open space and let your body fly.
Throwing- it’s right, more important than the swedkish-power character, I’m throwing some of them moving shells from the open space to a greater distance. The stench is characterized by tight, short-hour (vibukhovy) zusilli, in which there are different groups of m'yaziv like the arms of the shoulder girdle, and the thuluba and nig. Henceforth, busy with methane, we develop, rethink, strength, improve the quality of speed, calmness, and coordination of movements.
Bagatovstva - are added up with dekіlkoh kinds of track and field athletics (triathlon, five-a-thon). Sound at the rich fights to enter the right to strength, speed, spritnist and vitrivality - bіg, haircuts and metanna. This symbolizes that different influx, which robs the sportsman of the fights against the athlete, depending on the equal development of different physical abilities. At this hour of the greatest expansion, nabuls were: heptathlon among women, decathlon among men; triborism, triborism and pentathlon for boys, girls, children of the middle school age; triathlon to decathlon for juniors of the senior age; for older girls - different kinds of fights, beginning with triathlon and ending with heptathlon. The results of the rich fight are assigned to special points tables

4. Characterization by species

4.1. Sprint- Sukupnіstathleticsdisciplines, where athletes compete for a short race (“big for swede”) at the stadium. The length of the distance for the sprint should be set from 30 to 600 meters. At the program Olympic Games inclusions are smooth big at 100, 200 and 400 meters for people and women, relay race 4x100 and 4x400 meters for people and women.

physiology. A characteristic feature of sprint is the functioning of the body in the regime of creatine-phosphate alactate anaerobic lactic energy regimes.
Distances. Sprint competitions are held at official competitions (World Championships, European Championships), as well as included in the program of track and field athletics.
60m. To pass official races at a 60-meter distance, at closed premises on a direct distance of 200 meters or to an open race segment of the track. Oskіlki scored three 6-7 seconds, then a good starting reaction in this discipline is important, but in any other.
100m. It is held at summer stadiums on a straight line of 400 meters. One of the most prestigious disciplines is respected, both in athletics and in sports.
200 meters. It is held at summer and winter stadiums. The distance includes the passage of one curve and then a straight line. In connection with the cym, it will be necessary to have the right skills of the wind speed and the technique of passing the turns without reducing the speed.
400 meters. It is held at summer and winter stadiums. So ranks long sprint. Vimagaє shvidkіsnoї vitrivalnosti and vminnya competently razpodіliti forces on vіdstanі.

Technique and tactics

4.2 Middle distances

BIG at the middle distance is one of the most popular types of track and field athletics. It is customary to take into account that before a new day a big day can be carried out at a distance of 800 to 2000 m. vimiryuvan, zmagannya are also carried out for 880 yards (804.67 m) and 1 mile (1609.3 m). The difference in hours at yard and metric distances is taken into account: 800 mm and 880 yards - 0.7 seconds, 1500 m and 1 mile - 18 seconds. The start at the 800 m run is given from the next lanes, and only after the 100 m run the athletes go to the brіvka. Runners on 1500 m-code start on a straight line. Big at the middle distance is brought to the group of cyclical rights and due to the nature of the sussil vmagaє in the runner's work and submaximal (approximate) tightness. The average number of the strongest "middle-class" svіtu nіnі reached super-high pokaznіv. At big at 800 m won - 12.8 -13.0 sec. On the skin 100 m distance and in the 1500 m run - 14.2-14.5 sec. It seems that energy consumption in a run at a middle distance is covered, however, by the fluctuations of aerobic processes associated with clay sourness and anaerobic processes, which proceed without the participation of atmospheric sourness. This is a significant world and it is the task of training the middle-class worker, who is guilty of mother building up to victorious aerobic reactions and at the same time is resurrected by significant aerobic productivity.
Big at 800 m. In athletes of the younger divisions, the first 400 m run for 3 - 5 seconds. Shvidshe for a friend. Naishvidshi in an hour - first 200 m, naipovilnish - 3rd or 4th 200-meter. For athletes of the highest divisions, the difference between the 1st and the 2nd stakes is 2-3 seconds, with the most significant ones, the 2nd or 3rd 200 meters. At provіdnyh bіgunіv raznitsa between the hour the first and the other 400 m are more expensive 1 s. The most common, as a rule, are other or third 200 m-codes.
Big at 1500m. In athletes of the youngest divisions, the speed of the 400-meter skin run falls for 2 - 3 seconds. The rest of the 300 m run on the level of the 3rd stake. In athletes of senior divisions, the first 400 m run for 1 - 3 s. better for the other and the third, quicker for the rest of 300 m on the equal margin of the 1st stake or a little better. Conducted athletes of the first three stakes may pass evenly from the fastest on the remaining 300 m-code.

Big at 800 meters discipline middle distances athletics program. Vimaga in sportsmen's vibrancy (including swedishness), sprint performance and tactful mind. The Olympic discipline of athletics for men from 1896, for women from 1928.